Oba P, Wieland B, Mwiine F N, Erume J, Gertzell E, Jacobson M, Dione M M
International Livestock Research Institute, P. O. Box 24384, Kampala, Uganda.
2College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
Porcine Health Manag. 2020 Mar 12;6:5. doi: 10.1186/s40813-020-0144-7. eCollection 2020.
Over the last two decades, the pig population in Africa has grown rapidly, reflecting the increased adoption of pig production as an important economic activity. Of all species, pigs are likely to constitute a greater share of the growth in the livestock subsector. However, constraints such as respiratory infectious diseases cause significant economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Compared to industrialized countries, the occurrence and impacts of respiratory diseases on pig production in Africa is under-documented. Hence, knowledge on prevalence and incidence of economically important swine respiratory pathogens in pigs in Africa is necessary to guide interventions for prevention and control. The purpose of this review was to document the current status of research on five important respiratory pathogens of swine in Africa to inform future research and interventions. The pathogens included were porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PPRSv), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), (APP and swine influenza A viruses (IAV). For this review, published articles were obtained using Harzing's software tool from GoogleScholar. Articles were also sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, FAO and OIE websites. The terms used for the search were Africa, swine or porcine, respiratory pathogens, , PCV2, PPRSv, IAV, prevention and control. In all, 146 articles found were considered relevant, and upon further screening, only 85 articles were retained for the review. The search was limited to studies published from 2000 to 2019. Of all the studies that documented occurrence of the five respiratory pathogens, most were on IAV (48.4%, = 15), followed by PCV2 (25.8%, = 8), PPRSv (19.4%, = 6), while only one study (3.2%, = 1) reported and . This review highlights knowledge and information gaps on epidemiologic aspects as well as economic impacts of the various pathogens reported in swine in Africa, which calls for further studies.
在过去二十年中，非洲的猪存栏量迅速增长，这反映出养猪生产作为一项重要经济活动的采用率有所提高。在所有物种中，猪在畜牧子部门的增长中可能占更大份额。然而，诸如呼吸道传染病等制约因素给全球养猪业造成了重大经济损失。与工业化国家相比，非洲呼吸道疾病在养猪生产中的发生情况和影响记录不足。因此，了解非洲猪群中具有经济重要性的猪呼吸道病原体的流行率和发病率对于指导预防和控制干预措施至关重要。本综述的目的是记录非洲五种重要猪呼吸道病原体的研究现状，以为未来的研究和干预措施提供信息。所包括的病原体有猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSv）、猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）、猪放线杆菌（APP）和甲型猪流感病毒（IAV）。对于本综述，使用哈津软件工具从谷歌学术搜索已发表的文章。文章还来源于PubMed、ScienceDirect、粮农组织和世界动物卫生组织网站。搜索所用的术语为非洲、猪或猪的、呼吸道病原体、PCV2、PRRSv、IAV、预防和控制。总共找到146篇被认为相关的文章，经过进一步筛选，仅保留85篇文章用于综述。搜索限于2000年至2019年发表的研究。在所有记录这五种呼吸道病原体发生情况的研究中，大多数是关于IAV（48.4%，n = 15），其次是PCV2（25.8%，n = 8）、PRRSv（19.4%，n = 6），而只有一项研究（3.2%，n = 1）报告了猪放线杆菌和其他情况。本综述突出了非洲猪群中报告的各种病原体在流行病学方面以及经济影响方面的知识和信息差距，这需要进一步研究。
