儿童能量密度与饮食成本之间的关联。
Association between energy density and diet cost in children.
作者信息
Faria Ana Patrícia, Albuquerque Gabriela, Moreira Pedro, Rosário Rafaela, Araújo Ana, Teixeira Vitor, Barros Renata, Lopes Óscar, Moreira André, Padrão Patrícia
机构信息
Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
出版信息
Porto Biomed J. 2016 Jul-Aug;1(3):106-111. doi: 10.1016/j.pbj.2016.08.005. Epub 2016 Sep 14.
HIGHLIGHTS
The average of the energy-adjusted diet cost in 6-12 years-old children was 2.17€/1000Kcal (SD + 0.49).Energy-density diets (EDs - Kcal/g) were calculated by three distinct methods: (1) with food and all beverages (ED1), (2) with food and caloric beverages (ED2), and (3) only with food (ED3).The distributions of the three EDs were statistically different, being higher the ED3 - calculated excluding all beverages (1.15Kcal (SD + 0.28) vs. ED2: 1.10Kcal/g; SD + 0.24 vs. ED1: 0.99Kcal/g; SD + 0.22).Lower energy-density diets (EDs) were associated with higher diet cost in a sample of school children from a Mediterranean country, regardless the differences between the EDs calculated by three distinct methods.
BACKGROUND
Lower energy density diets tend to cost more, but data using different ways to calculate the dietary energy density, is scarce.
OBJECTIVES
To estimate the dietary energy density, and to assess how it is associated with the diet cost in children.
METHODS
Data were obtained from a community-based survey from public elementary schools in Portugal. Dietary intake of 464 children (6-12 years) was assessed by a 24 h recall in 2007/2008. Dietary energy density (kcal/g) was calculated as following: (1) with food and all beverages (ED1), (2) with food and caloric beverages (ED2), and (3) only with food (ED3). Energy-adjusted diet cost (€/1000 kcal) was calculated based on the collection of food prices from a national leader supermarket. Anthropometric measures were taken and socio-demographic data were obtained from parents. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between diet cost and energy density.
RESULTS
For boys, the energy-adjusted diet cost of the highest third of energy density was lower, between 81% in the ED3 ( for trend <0.001) and 87% in the ED1 ( for trend <0.001), compared to the lowest third. Girls showed similar, but weaker associations.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher dietary energy density was associated with lower dietary cost among children.
要点
6至12岁儿童经能量调整后的饮食成本平均为2.17欧元/1000千卡（标准差+0.49）。能量密度饮食（EDs - 千卡/克）通过三种不同方法计算：（1）包括食物和所有饮料（ED1），（2）包括食物和含热量饮料（ED2），以及（3）仅包括食物（ED3）。三种EDs的分布在统计学上存在差异，不包括所有饮料计算得出的ED3更高（1.15千卡（标准差+0.28），而ED2为1.10千卡/克；标准差+0.24，ED1为0.99千卡/克；标准差+0.22）。在一个地中海国家的学童样本中，较低的能量密度饮食与较高的饮食成本相关，无论通过三种不同方法计算得出的EDs之间存在差异。
背景
较低能量密度的饮食往往成本更高，但使用不同方法计算饮食能量密度的数据稀缺。
目的
估计饮食能量密度，并评估其与儿童饮食成本的关联。
方法
数据来自葡萄牙公立小学的一项基于社区的调查。2007/2008年通过24小时回顾法评估了464名儿童（6至12岁）的饮食摄入量。饮食能量密度（千卡/克）按以下方式计算：（1）包括食物和所有饮料（ED1），（2）包括食物和含热量饮料（ED2），以及（3）仅包括食物（ED3）。经能量调整后的饮食成本（欧元/1000千卡）基于从一家全国领先超市收集的食品价格计算得出。进行了人体测量，并从家长处获取了社会人口统计学数据。使用逻辑回归来估计饮食成本与能量密度之间的关联。
结果
对于男孩，能量密度最高的三分之一人群经能量调整后的饮食成本较低，与最低的三分之一人群相比，ED3中为81%（趋势<0.001），ED1中为87%（趋势<0.001）。女孩显示出类似但较弱的关联。
结论
儿童中较高的饮食能量密度与较低的饮食成本相关。
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