儿童对地中海饮食的依从性：它与经济成本有关吗？
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in children: Is it associated with economic cost?
作者信息
Albuquerque G, Moreira P, Rosário R, Araújo A, Teixeira V H, Lopes O, Moreira A, Padrão P
机构信息
Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
出版信息
Porto Biomed J. 2017 Jul-Aug;2(4):115-119. doi: 10.1016/j.pbj.2017.01.009. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
HIGHLIGHTS
The average diet cost was 4.58€ (SD = 1.24) in 6-12 years-old children.Diet cost calculations were based on food prices information from 2011.Most children reported medium (69.1%) or high (4.6%) adherence to Mediterranean diet.Higher adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with higher diet cost.
OBJECTIVE
To assess how the diet cost is associated with socio-demographic factors and adherence to Mediterranean diet in children.
METHODS
Data were obtained from a community-based survey of children selected from public elementary schools in Portugal. Of a total of 586 children attending these schools, 464 (6-12 years), were studied. Dietary intake was assessed by a 24 hour recall and the adherence to Mediterranean diet was evaluated through the KIDMED index. The cost of the diet was calculated based on the collection of food prices of a national leader supermarket, and expressed as Total Daily Cost (TDC) and Total Daily Cost-Adjusted for Energy (TDEC). Anthropometric measures were taken and socio-demographic data were gathered from a questionnaire filled by parents. Logistic regression was used to quantify the association between diet cost, socio-demographics and adherence to Mediterranean diet.
RESULTS
The average TDC was 4.58€ (SD = 1.24). Most children (69.1%) reported medium adherence to Mediterranean diet, and 4.6% rated the higher score. TDC was higher for children with highest adherence to Mediterranean diet, compared to those with lowest adherence [TDC: OR = 5.70 (95% CI 1.53, 21.33), for trend = 0.001; TDEC: OR = 2.83 (95% CI 0.89, 8.96, for trend 0.018)]. No meaningful variation in the diet cost with age and parental education was observed.
CONCLUSION
Higher adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with higher diet cost in children.
要点
6至12岁儿童的平均饮食成本为4.58欧元（标准差=1.24）。饮食成本计算基于2011年的食品价格信息。大多数儿童报告称对地中海饮食的依从性为中等（69.1%）或高（4.6%）。对地中海饮食的依从性越高，饮食成本越高。
目的
评估儿童饮食成本与社会人口学因素以及对地中海饮食的依从性之间的关联。
方法
数据来自对葡萄牙公立小学中选取的儿童进行的一项社区调查。在这些学校就读的586名儿童中，对464名（6至12岁）儿童进行了研究。通过24小时回顾法评估饮食摄入量，并通过KIDMED指数评估对地中海饮食的依从性。饮食成本根据一家全国领先超市的食品价格收集情况进行计算，并表示为每日总成本（TDC）和能量调整后的每日总成本（TDEC）。进行了人体测量，并从家长填写的问卷中收集了社会人口学数据。采用逻辑回归来量化饮食成本、社会人口学因素与对地中海饮食的依从性之间的关联。
结果
平均TDC为4.58欧元（标准差=1.24）。大多数儿童（69.1%）报告对地中海饮食的依从性为中等，4.6%的儿童得分较高。与依从性最低的儿童相比，对地中海饮食依从性最高的儿童的TDC更高[TDC：比值比=5.70（95%置信区间1.53，21.33），趋势P值=0.001；TDEC：比值比=2.83（95%置信区间0.89，8.96），趋势P值=0.018]。未观察到饮食成本随年龄和父母教育程度的有意义变化。
结论
儿童对地中海饮食的依从性越高，饮食成本越高。
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