Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
School of Public Health, Department of Human Development, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 May;163:108108. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108108. Epub 2020 Apr 4.
We aimed to investigate the effect of different dietary approaches on systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) in Type II diabetes (T2D).
A systematic search was performed in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane library without any language and time restriction up to December 2018, to retrieve the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which examined the effects of different dietary approaches on SBP and DBP in T2D patients. Meta-analyses were carried out using a random effects model. I2 index was used to evaluate the heterogeneity.
Twenty four RCTs with 1130 patients were eligible. The dietary modifications were more effective in reducing both SBP and DBP vs. control diet. The Low-sodium, High-fiber, DASH, Low-fat, Low-protein and Vegan dietary approach were significantly more effective in reducing SBP compared to a control diet. The High-fiber, Low-fat, Low-protein and Vegan diet were significantly more effective in reducing DBP. The Low-sodium and High fiber diets had the greatest lowering effect on SBP and DBP in T2D patients.
Adopting healthful dietary modifications were more effective in reducing both SBP and DBP vs. control. The High-fiber and Low-sodium diets had the greatest lowering effect on SBP and DBP in T2D.
本研究旨在探讨不同饮食方法对 2 型糖尿病患者收缩压和舒张压（SBP 和 DBP）的影响。
本研究无语言和时间限制，系统检索了 Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus 和 Cochrane 图书馆，以检索截至 2018 年 12 月评估不同饮食方法对 T2D 患者 SBP 和 DBP 影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。采用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。采用 I2 指数评估异质性。
共纳入 24 项 RCT，涉及 1130 名患者。与对照组相比，饮食干预更能有效降低 SBP 和 DBP。与对照组相比，低钠高纤维、DASH、低脂、低蛋白和纯素饮食更能有效降低 SBP。高纤维、低脂、低蛋白和纯素饮食更能有效降低 DBP。低钠和高纤维饮食对 T2D 患者 SBP 和 DBP 的降低作用最大。
与对照组相比，采用健康的饮食干预更能有效降低 SBP 和 DBP。高纤维和低钠饮食对 T2D 患者 SBP 和 DBP 的降低作用最大。
