Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China.
Sci Rep. 2020 Apr 7;10(1):6012. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62919-7.
Unraveling the key drivers of bacterial community assembly in agricultural soils is pivotal for soil nutrient management and crop productivity. Presently, the drivers of microbial community structure remain unexplored in maize cropping systems under complex and variable environmental scenarios across large spatial scales. In this study, we conducted high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and network analysis to identify the major environmental factors driving bacterial community diversity and co-occurrence patterns in 21 maize field soils across China. The results show that mean annual precipitation and soil pH are the major environmental factors that shape soil bacterial communities in maize soils. The similarities of bacterial communities significantly decreased with increasing geographic distance between different sites. The differences in spatial turnover rates across bacterial phyla indicate the distinct dispersal capabilities of bacterial groups, and some abundant phyla exhibited high dispersal capabilities. Aeromicrobium, Friedmanniella, Saccharothrix, Lamia, Rhodococcus, Skermanella, and Pedobacter were identified as keystone taxa. Based on the node-level and network-level topological features, members of the core microbiome were more frequently found in the center of the ecosystem network compared with other taxa. This study highlights the major environmental factors driving bacterial community assembly in agro-ecosystems and the central ecological role of the core microbiome in maintaining the web of complex bacterial interactions.
解析农业土壤中细菌群落组装的关键驱动因素对于土壤养分管理和作物生产力至关重要。目前，在不同空间尺度的复杂和多变的环境场景下，对于玉米种植系统中微生物群落结构的驱动因素仍未得到探索。在这项研究中，我们通过高通量 16S rRNA 基因测序和网络分析，确定了 21 个中国玉米田间土壤中驱动细菌群落多样性和共生模式的主要环境因素。结果表明，年平均降水量和土壤 pH 值是塑造玉米土壤中细菌群落的主要环境因素。不同地点之间的地理距离越大，细菌群落的相似性就越低。不同细菌门之间的空间周转率差异表明了细菌群体的不同扩散能力，一些丰富的门具有较高的扩散能力。气微菌属、弗里德曼氏菌属、糖丝菌属、拉米亚菌属、罗克氏菌属、斯凯尔曼菌属和节杆菌属被鉴定为关键类群。基于节点水平和网络水平的拓扑特征，核心微生物组的成员比其他类群更频繁地出现在生态系统网络的中心。本研究强调了农业生态系统中驱动细菌群落组装的主要环境因素，以及核心微生物组在维持复杂细菌相互作用网络中的中心生态作用。
