Dagnew Baye, Dagne Henok, Andualem Zewudu
Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Ethiopia.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020 Mar 30;16:839-845. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S248409. eCollection 2020.
Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by loss of interest or pleasure. Prevalence of depression is varied in different groups and countries. No adequate study has been undertaken in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and determinant factors among University of Gondar Medical and Health Sciences students, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out using simple random sampling technique to select study participants and the study was conducted from June to July 2019. We used self-administered second edition of Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II) to collect data on depressive symptoms. The sample size was determined using a single population proportion formula. We entered the data using Epi Info 7 and then exported into Stata 14 for analysis. A binary logistic regression was used to identify determinant factors of depression. In the final model, a variable with a p<0.05 was considered as a significant factor for depression by an adjustment of odds ratio with 95% of uncertainty interval (UI).
Three hundred and eighty-three students completed the questionnaire with 97.7% response rate. The mean age of participants was 20.8 (±1.83, 18-34) years. The prevalence of depression was 34.73% (95% UI: 29.94-39.52%). The odds of having depression was higher among students who came from rural family (AOR=1.67, 95% UI: 1.02-2.72), who experienced tooth grinding (AOR=2.79, 95% UI: 1.36-5.74), who had night sleep disturbances (AOR=1.95, 95% UI: 1.17-3.25), who reported daytime sleepiness (AOR=1.93, 95% UI: 1.16-3.20), who had reported stress (AOR=4.20, 95% UI: 1.90-9.26), and those studying Health sciences (AOR=2.65, 95% UI: 1.34-5.26).
The prevalence of depression among university students was high which could lead to loss of personal control, disturbed learning capacity, and social interaction. Preventive strategies such as life skills training should be given for prevention and management of depression particularly targeting students coming from a rural family, those with stress, and having poor sleep quality.
抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍，其特征为兴趣或愉悦感丧失。抑郁症在不同群体和国家中的患病率各不相同。埃塞俄比亚尚未开展充分的研究。本研究旨在确定2019年埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔医科和健康科学大学学生中抑郁症的患病率及其决定因素。
采用简单随机抽样技术进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究，以选取研究参与者，研究于2019年6月至7月进行。我们使用自行填写的第二版贝克抑郁量表（BDI-II）来收集抑郁症状的数据。样本量通过单总体比例公式确定。我们使用Epi Info 7录入数据，然后导出到Stata 14进行分析。采用二元逻辑回归来确定抑郁症的决定因素。在最终模型中，通过调整比值比及95%不确定区间（UI），将p<0.05的变量视为抑郁症的显著因素。
383名学生完成了问卷，应答率为97.7%。参与者的平均年龄为20.8（±1.83，18 - 34）岁。抑郁症的患病率为34.73%（95% UI：29.94 - 39.52%）。来自农村家庭的学生患抑郁症的几率更高（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.67，95% UI：1.02 - 2.72），经历过磨牙的学生（AOR=2.79，95% UI：1.36 - 5.74），有夜间睡眠障碍的学生（AOR=1.95，95% UI：1.17 - 3.25），报告白天嗜睡的学生（AOR=1.93，95% UI：1.16 - 3.20），报告有压力的学生（AOR=4.20，95% UI：1.90 - 9.26），以及学习健康科学专业的学生（AOR=2.65，95% UI：1.34 - 5.26）。
大学生中抑郁症的患病率较高，这可能导致个人自控力丧失、学习能力受扰以及社交互动障碍。应提供生活技能培训等预防策略，以预防和管理抑郁症，特别是针对来自农村家庭、有压力以及睡眠质量差的学生。
