Simegn Wudneh, Dagnew Baye, Dagne Henok
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2020 Jul 24;13:2539-2546. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S257667. eCollection 2020.
Self-medication is the use of medication to treat self-diagnosed disorders or symptoms. In the current time, there has been an increasing tendency in self-medication in pharmacies and retail outlets in our country Ethiopia and alarmingly high in healthcare professionals. In spite of the adverse impacts, there were scarcity of data on self-medication practice among health professionals in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the practice of self-medication and its determinant factors among health professionals at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
A Cross-sectional study design was employed using a simple random sampling technique to recruit the study participants. We used self-administered questionnaires to collect the data. Epi Info 7 and SPSS 20 were used for data entry and statistical analysis, respectively. Frequencies and mean with standard deviation were computed. Measure of association between self-medication and independent factors was determined using logistic regression. Variables with a <0.05 were declared as determinant factors of self-medication practice.
Four hundred and twelve health professionals were involved in the study with a mean age of 29.9 years (±5.43, range=20-60). In this study, self-medication practice was 54.6% (95% CI: 49.8-59.4). Health professionals who had worked less than 3 years after last graduation (AOR=1.67, 95% CI (1.02, 2.76)), those with 44-55 working hours per week (AOR=2.44, 95% CI: 1.07,5.57), and who knew over-the-counter classification of drugs (AOR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.03,2.99) had significantly higher self-medication practice.
Self-medication practice was remarkably high in the current study which is a major public health problem. The findings suggest a cooperative implementation of pharmaceutical regulations particularly focusing on those health professionals with high working hours per week.
自我药疗是指使用药物治疗自我诊断的疾病或症状。当前，在我国埃塞俄比亚，药店和零售店的自我药疗现象呈上升趋势，而医疗保健专业人员中的自我药疗现象则高得惊人。尽管存在负面影响，但埃塞俄比亚医疗保健专业人员自我药疗行为的数据却很匮乏。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔大学综合专科医院医疗保健专业人员的自我药疗行为及其决定因素。
采用横断面研究设计，使用简单随机抽样技术招募研究参与者。我们使用自填式问卷收集数据。分别使用Epi Info 7和SPSS 20进行数据录入和统计分析。计算频率和均值以及标准差。使用逻辑回归确定自我药疗与独立因素之间的关联度量。P<0.05的变量被视为自我药疗行为的决定因素。
412名医疗保健专业人员参与了本研究，平均年龄为29.9岁（±5.43，范围=20-60岁）。在本研究中，自我药疗行为的发生率为54.6%（95%置信区间：49.8-59.4）。上次毕业后工作年限少于3年的医疗保健专业人员（比值比=1.67，95%置信区间（1.02，2.76））、每周工作44-55小时的人员（比值比=2.44，95%置信区间：1.07，5.57）以及了解非处方药分类的人员（比值比=1.75，95%置信区间：1.03，2.99）的自我药疗行为发生率显著更高。
在当前研究中，自我药疗行为非常普遍，这是一个重大的公共卫生问题。研究结果表明，应协同实施药品监管规定，尤其要关注每周工作时间较长的医疗保健专业人员。
