Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica, W5 Norte, P.O. Box 02372, Brasília, DF 70770-917, Brazil.
Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2020 Mar;164:100-114. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.12.012. Epub 2020 Jan 2.
Understanding the mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance is essential to the effective management of pesticide resistance in Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae). We mined putative detoxifying enzyme genes in the draft genome sequence of A. glycines for cytochrome oxidase P450 (CYP), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and esterases (E4 and carboxylesterases-CES). Aphids from clonal populations resistant to pyrethroids from three sites in Minnesota, USA, were screened against a diagnostic LC concentration of either λ-cyhalothrin or bifenthrin and detoxifying enzyme genes expression in survivors was analyzed by qPCR. Their expression profiles were compared relative to a susceptible clonal population. We found 61 CYP (40 full-length), seven GST (all full-length), seven E4 (five full-length) and three CES (two full-length) genes, including 24 possible pseudogenes. The detoxifying enzymes had different expression profiles across resistant aphid populations, possibly reflecting differences in the genetic background and pyrethroid selection pressures as the number of constitutively overexpressed detoxifying enzyme genes was correlated with the level of resistance. Our findings will strengthen the understanding of the pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in A. glycines.
了解拟除虫菊酯抗性的机制对于有效管理大豆蚜（半翅目：蚜科）对农药的抗性至关重要。我们从大豆蚜的基因组草案序列中挖掘了潜在的解毒酶基因，包括细胞色素氧化酶 P450（CYP）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）和酯酶（E4 和羧酸酯酶-CES）。我们对来自美国明尼苏达州三个地点对拟除虫菊酯具有抗性的克隆种群进行了筛选，针对 λ-氯氟氰菊酯或联苯菊酯的诊断 LC 浓度进行了筛选，并通过 qPCR 分析了幸存者中解毒酶基因的表达。将它们的表达谱与敏感的克隆种群进行了比较。我们发现了 61 个 CYP（40 个全长）、7 个 GST（全部全长）、7 个 E4（5 个全长）和 3 个 CES（2 个全长）基因，包括 24 个可能的假基因。解毒酶在抗性蚜虫种群中的表达谱不同，这可能反映了遗传背景和拟除虫菊酯选择压力的差异，因为组成型过表达的解毒酶基因数量与抗性水平相关。我们的研究结果将加强对大豆蚜拟除虫菊酯抗性机制的理解。
