Hoffman Tove, Wilhelmsson Peter, Barboutis Christos, Fransson Thord, Jaenson Thomas G T, Lindgren Per-Eric, Von Loewenich Friederike D, Lundkvist Åke, Olsen Björn, Salaneck Erik
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology (IMBIM), Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Infect Ecol Epidemiol. 2020 Mar 15;10(1):1729653. doi: 10.1080/20008686.2020.1729653. eCollection 2020.
(AP) has vast geographical and host ranges and causes disease in humans and domesticated animals. We investigated the role of northward migratory birds in the dispersal of tick-borne AP in the African-Western Palearctic. Ticks were collected from northward migratory birds trapped during spring migration of 2010 at two localities in the central Mediterranean Sea. AP DNA was detected by PCR ( and 16S rRNA) and variant determination was performed using sequences. In total, 358 ticks were collected. One of 19 ticks determined as was confirmed positive for AP DNA. The tick was collected from a woodchat shrike () trapped in Greece, and molecularly determined to belong to the complex and sharing highest (95%) 16S RNA sequence identity to . The AP sequence exhibited highest similarity to sequences from rodents and shrews (82%) and ruminants (80%). Phylogenetic analyses placed it convincingly outside other clades, suggesting that it represents a novel AP variant. The divergent species harboring a novel AP variant could either indicate an enzootic cycle involving co-evolution with birds, or dissemination from other regions by avian migration. None of the 331 sensu lato ticks, all immature stages, were positive for AP DNA, lending no evidence for the involvement of ticks transported by birds in the ecology of AP.
（非洲猪瘟病毒）具有广泛的地理分布范围和宿主范围，可导致人类和家畜发病。我们调查了向北迁徙的鸟类在非洲-西古北区蜱传播非洲猪瘟病毒扩散中的作用。在2010年春季迁徙期间，于地中海中部的两个地点采集了被困的向北迁徙鸟类身上的蜱。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR，检测16S核糖体RNA）检测非洲猪瘟病毒DNA，并使用序列进行变异体测定。总共采集了358只蜱。在确定为的19只蜱中，有1只被确认为非洲猪瘟病毒DNA呈阳性。这只蜱是从一只被困在希腊的林鵙（）身上采集的，经分子鉴定属于复合体，与的16S核糖体RNA序列相似度最高（95%）。该非洲猪瘟病毒序列与来自啮齿动物和鼩鼱（82%）以及反刍动物（80%）的序列相似度最高。系统发育分析令人信服地将其置于其他进化枝之外，表明它代表一种新的非洲猪瘟病毒变异体。携带新的非洲猪瘟病毒变异体的不同蜱种可能表明存在一个涉及与鸟类共同进化的动物疫源循环，或者是通过鸟类迁徙从其他地区传播而来。在331只全沟硬蜱（所有未成熟阶段）中，没有一只非洲猪瘟病毒DNA呈阳性，这表明没有证据支持鸟类携带的全沟硬蜱参与非洲猪瘟病毒的生态传播。
