地中海饮食与年龄相关性眼病研究 1&2 中的认知功能的相关性。
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and cognitive function in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies 1 & 2.
机构信息
Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
出版信息
Alzheimers Dement. 2020 Jun;16(6):831-842. doi: 10.1002/alz.12077. Epub 2020 Apr 13.
INTRODUCTION
The objective was to determine whether closer adherence to the alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED) was associated with altered cognitive function.
METHODS
Observational analyses of participants (n = 7,756) enrolled in two randomized trials of nutritional supplements for age-related macular degeneration: Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2.
RESULTS
Odds ratios for cognitive impairment, in aMED tertile 3 (vs 1), were 0.36 (P = .0001) for Modified Mini-Mental State (<80) and 0.56 (P = .001) for composite score in AREDS, and 0.56 for Telephone Interview Cognitive Status-Modified (<30) and 0.48 for composite score (each P < .0001) in AREDS2. Fish intake was associated with higher cognitive function. In AREDS2, rate of cognitive decline over 5 to 10 years was not significantly different by aMED but was significantly slower (P = .019) with higher fish intake.
DISCUSSION
Closer Mediterranean diet adherence was associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment but not slower decline in cognitive function. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) haplotype did not influence these relationships.
简介
本研究旨在探究更接近替代地中海饮食（aMED）与认知功能改变之间的关系。
方法
对参加两项与年龄相关性黄斑变性营养补充剂相关的随机试验（年龄相关性眼病研究[AREDS]和 AREDS2）的参与者（n=7756）进行观察性分析。
结果
在 AREDS 中，与 aMED 三分位 1 相比，三分位 3（更接近地中海饮食）的认知障碍比值比（OR）为 0.36（P=.0001）（改良简易精神状态检查<80 分）和 0.56（P=.001）（综合评分）；在 AREDS2 中，分别为 0.56（电话访谈认知状态修正<30 分）和 0.48（综合评分）（均 P<.0001）。鱼类摄入量与较高的认知功能相关。在 AREDS2 中，aMED 与认知功能下降率之间没有显著差异，但随着鱼类摄入量的增加，认知功能下降速度显著较慢（P=.019）。
讨论
更接近地中海饮食的饮食方式与认知障碍风险降低相关，但与认知功能下降速度无关。载脂蛋白 E（APOE）单倍型对这些关系没有影响。
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