Department of Economics, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.
Center for Research on Environmental Decisions, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2020 Apr 14;15(4):e0231203. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231203. eCollection 2020.
We use a 'multi-player dictator game' (MDG), with 'social information' about the monetary transfer made by a previous dictator to a recipient, to examine whether average contributions as well as the behavioural strategy adopted are affected by the first amount presented (the 'anchor') using a sequential strategy elicitation method. We find that average contributions are positively affected by the anchor. The anchor is also found to influence the behavioural strategy that individuals adopt, such that low anchors significantly increase the likelihood that players will adopt unconditional self-interested strategies, whereas high anchors increase the likelihood of adopting giving strategies. The distribution of strategies-and hence, the distribution of behavioural 'types'-is therefore affected by the initial conditions of play, lending support to the notion that behavioural strategies are context dependent.
我们使用“多人独裁者游戏”（MDG），通过先前的独裁者向接受者进行货币转移的“社会信息”，使用顺序策略启发法来检验平均贡献以及所采用的行为策略是否受到第一个给出的金额（“锚定”）的影响。我们发现平均贡献受到锚定的积极影响。还发现锚定会影响个人采用的行为策略，例如，低锚定会显著增加玩家采用无条件自利策略的可能性，而高锚定则会增加采用给予策略的可能性。因此，策略的分布——以及行为“类型”的分布——受到游戏初始条件的影响，这支持了行为策略取决于上下文的观点。
