Salkeld Daniel J, Stapp Paul, Tripp Daniel W, Gage Kenneth L, Lowell Jennifer, Webb Colleen T, Brinkerhoff R Jory, Antolin Michael F
Dan Salkeld (
Bioscience. 2016 Feb 1;66(2):118-129. doi: 10.1093/biosci/biv179. Epub 2016 Jan 13.
Infectious diseases that are transmitted from wildlife hosts to humans, such as the Ebola virus and MERS virus, can be difficult to understand because the pathogens emerge from complex multifaceted ecological interactions. We use a wildlife-pathogen system-prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) and the plague bacterium (Yersinia pestis)-to describe aspects of disease ecology that apply to many cases of emerging infectious disease. We show that the monitoring and surveillance of hosts and vectors during the buildup to disease outbreaks are crucial for understanding pathogen-transmission dynamics and that a community-ecology framework is important to identify reservoir hosts. Incorporating multidisciplinary approaches and frameworks may improve wildlife-pathogen surveillance and our understanding of seemingly sporadic and rare pathogen outbreaks.
从野生动物宿主传播给人类的传染病，如埃博拉病毒和中东呼吸综合征病毒，可能难以理解，因为病原体源自复杂多面的生态相互作用。我们利用一个野生动物 - 病原体系统——草原犬鼠（黑尾土拨鼠）和鼠疫杆菌——来描述适用于许多新发传染病病例的疾病生态学方面。我们表明，在疾病爆发前对宿主和媒介进行监测对于理解病原体传播动态至关重要，并且群落生态学框架对于识别储存宿主很重要。纳入多学科方法和框架可能会改善野生动物 - 病原体监测以及我们对看似零星和罕见的病原体爆发的理解。
