Forest Products Technology and Timber Construction Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, Kuchl 5431, Austria.
Salzburg Center for Smart Materials, Jakob-Haringerstraße 2a, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
Biomolecules. 2020 Apr 10;10(4):581. doi: 10.3390/biom10040581.
With the extensive use of nitrogen-based fertilizer in agriculture, ammonia emissions, especially from cattle manure, are a serious environmental threat for soil and air. The European community committed to reduce the ammonia emissions by 30% by the year 2030 compared to 2005. After a moderate initial reduction, the last report showed no further improvements in the last four years, keeping the 30% reduction a very challenging target for the next decade. In this study, the mitigation effect of different types of tannin and tannin-based adsorbent on the ammonia emission from manure was investigated. Firstly, we conducted a template study monitoring the ammonia emissions registered by addition of the tannin-based powders to a 0.1% ammonia solution and then we repeated the experiments with ready-to-spread farm-made manure slurry. The results showed that all tannin-based powders induced sensible reduction of pH and ammonia emitted. Reductions higher than 75% and 95% were registered for ammonia solution and cattle slurry, respectively, when using flavonoid-based powders. These findings are very promising considering that tannins and their derivatives will be extensively available due to the increasing interest on their exploitation for the synthesis of new-generation "green" materials.
随着氮肥在农业中的广泛使用，氨气排放，特别是来自牛粪的氨气排放，对土壤和空气构成了严重的环境威胁。欧盟承诺到 2030 年将氨排放量与 2005 年相比减少 30%。在适度的初步减少之后，最近的报告显示，在过去四年中没有进一步的改善，使 30%的减排目标在未来十年成为一个极具挑战性的目标。在这项研究中，研究了不同类型的单宁和基于单宁的吸附剂对粪便中氨气排放的缓解效果。首先，我们进行了一项模板研究，监测将基于单宁的粉末添加到 0.1%氨溶液中所引起的氨气排放情况，然后我们用可立即施用的农场制粪浆重复了这些实验。结果表明，当使用黄烷酮基粉末时，所有基于单宁的粉末都能显著降低 pH 值和氨气排放。在氨溶液和牛浆中，氨气的减少率分别高于 75%和 95%。考虑到由于对其用于合成新一代“绿色”材料的开发兴趣日益浓厚，单宁及其衍生物将广泛可用，因此这些发现非常有前景。
