Wallerstein N, Bernstein E
Dept. of Family, Community, and Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque 87131.
Health Educ Q. 1988 Winter;15(4):379-94. doi: 10.1177/109019818801500402.
Empowerment Education is proposed as an effective health education and prevention model that promotes health in all personal and social arenas. The model suggests that participation of people in group action and dialogue efforts directed at community targets enhances control and beliefs in ability to change people's own lives. The article is divided into three parts: a literature review demonstrating that powerlessness is linked to disease, and conversely, empowerment linked to health: an exposition of Brazilian educator Paulo Freire's empowering education theory with a comparison to traditional health education; and a case study of an empowering education substance abuse prevention project. The Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention (ASAP) Program is a University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Emergency Center, and community and school-based prevention project for adolescents. The case study will present ASAP's theoretical underpinnings and social practice, evaluation results, preliminary understandings of the stages for an empowering process, and future questions for practitioners interested in this approach. Empowerment education with its emphasis on organizing is recommended to be integrated into other prevention strategies of health promotion, disease prevention, and health policy.
赋权教育被提议作为一种有效的健康教育和预防模式，可在所有个人和社会领域促进健康。该模式表明，人们参与针对社区目标的集体行动和对话活动，能增强对改变自身生活能力的掌控感和信心。本文分为三个部分：文献综述表明无力感与疾病相关，反之，赋权与健康相关；阐述巴西教育家保罗·弗莱雷的赋权教育理论，并与传统健康教育进行比较；以及一个赋权教育药物滥用预防项目的案例研究。酒精和药物滥用预防（ASAP）项目是新墨西哥大学医学院、急救中心以及针对青少年的社区和学校预防项目。案例研究将呈现ASAP的理论基础和社会实践、评估结果、对赋权过程各阶段的初步认识，以及对采用这种方法的从业者的未来问题。建议将强调组织的赋权教育纳入健康促进、疾病预防和健康政策的其他预防策略中。
