低剂量 CT 筛查肺癌：来自 20 年研究的证据。
Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer: Evidence from 2 Decades of Study.
机构信息
Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (D.S.G.); Department of Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (W.C.B.); Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (C.C.); Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md (P.F.P.); and Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (D.F.Y.).
出版信息
Radiol Imaging Cancer. 2020 Mar 27;2(2):e190058. doi: 10.1148/rycan.2020190058.
Lung cancer remains the overwhelmingly greatest cause of cancer death in the United States, accounting for more annual deaths than breast, prostate, and colon cancer combined. Accumulated evidence since the mid to late 1990s, however, indicates that low-dose CT screening of high-risk patients enables detection of lung cancer at an early stage and can reduce the risk of dying from lung cancer. CT screening is now a recommended clinical service in the United States, subject to guidelines and reimbursement requirements intended to standardize practice and optimize the balance of benefits and risks. In this review, the evidence on the effectiveness of CT screening will be summarized and the current guidelines and standards will be described in the context of knowledge gained from lung cancer screening studies. In addition, an overview of the potential advances that may improve CT screening will be presented, and the need to better understand the performance in clinical practice outside of the research trial setting will be discussed. © RSNA, 2020.
在美国，肺癌仍然是导致癌症死亡的最主要原因，每年因肺癌死亡的人数超过乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结肠癌死亡人数的总和。然而，自 20 世纪 90 年代中期到后期以来，积累的证据表明，对高危患者进行低剂量 CT 筛查可以早期发现肺癌，并降低死于肺癌的风险。CT 筛查目前是美国推荐的临床服务，受旨在规范实践和优化获益与风险平衡的指南和报销要求的约束。在这篇综述中，将总结 CT 筛查的有效性证据，并根据从肺癌筛查研究中获得的知识描述当前的指南和标准。此外，还将介绍可能改善 CT 筛查的一些潜在进展，并讨论需要更好地了解研究试验之外的临床实践中的性能。©RSNA，2020。
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