Laksmita Okki D, Chung Min-Huey, Liao Yuan-Mei, Haase Joan E, Chang Pi-Chen
School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
J Adv Nurs. 2020 Aug;76(8):2060-2071. doi: 10.1111/jan.14396. Epub 2020 May 19.
To investigate a theoretical model of risk and protective factors to predict resilience among adolescent disaster survivors.
A cross-sectional study.
Parent's consent and student's informed consent forms were distributed at seven schools in a postdisaster setting (Yogyakarta, Indonesia) between July-October 2017; those who agreed to participate had to complete the self-reported questionnaires. Demographic data were evaluated using descriptive statistical analyses and relationships among study variables were determined using a path analysis.
Results of the model test analysis indicated that six of the seven the hypothesized paths were supported by data from our samples and demonstrated significance on the path coefficients (p < .01). One path coefficient on the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and resilience was found to be insignificant (β = -0.002, p > .05). However, overall, our hypothesized model was retained, indicating empirical support and adequate model's fit indices for the theoretical model.
Overall, the findings demonstrated the predictive roles of risk and protective factors in adolescent disaster survivors' resilience.
Resilience is known to be an important concept in recovering from long-term impacts following a disaster in adolescent populations, but its risk and protective factors have not been adequately explored. We found that PTSD symptoms influenced how adolescent disaster survivors developed defensive coping, social support had an indirect effect on resilience through courageous coping and defensive coping acted as a mediator between PTSD symptoms and courageous coping. These findings can help mental health professionals (i.e., community mental health nurses) promote intervention strategies to enhance resilience through improving coping skills in adolescent populations exposed to a disaster.
研究风险和保护因素的理论模型，以预测青少年灾难幸存者的心理韧性。
横断面研究。
2017年7月至10月间，在灾后地区（印度尼西亚日惹）的七所学校分发家长同意书和学生知情同意书；同意参与的学生需完成自填式问卷。使用描述性统计分析评估人口统计学数据，并通过路径分析确定研究变量之间的关系。
模型测试分析结果表明，七个假设路径中的六个得到了样本数据的支持，且路径系数具有显著性（p <.01）。创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状与心理韧性之间关联的一个路径系数不显著（β = -0.002，p >.05）。然而，总体而言，我们的假设模型得以保留，表明该理论模型获得了实证支持且模型拟合指数良好。
总体而言，研究结果证明了风险和保护因素在青少年灾难幸存者心理韧性中的预测作用。
心理韧性是青少年群体从灾难的长期影响中恢复的一个重要概念，但其风险和保护因素尚未得到充分探索。我们发现，PTSD症状影响青少年灾难幸存者形成防御性应对方式，社会支持通过勇敢应对对心理韧性产生间接影响，且防御性应对在PTSD症状和勇敢应对之间起中介作用。这些发现可帮助心理健康专业人员（如社区心理健康护士）通过提高受灾青少年群体的应对技能来促进干预策略，以增强心理韧性。
