肺原发性恶性黑色素瘤：病例报告及文献复习。
Primary malignant melanoma of the lung: a case report and literature review.
机构信息
Department of Pathology Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, #150 Jimo Road, Pudong, 200120, Shanghai, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
出版信息
BMC Pulm Med. 2020 Apr 17;20(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12890-020-1140-z.
BACKGROUND
Malignant melanoma (MM) generally presents as a primary neoplasm of the skin, and most MM cases of the respiratory system are metastatic. Primary MM of the lung (PMML) is quite rare, and its diagnosis is relatively difficult.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report the case of a 57-year-old male patient with PMML who denied any history of tumours. His initial complaint was frequent coughs with bloody sputum for 4 days. Chest radiography demonstrated a high-density shadow in the lower lobe of the right lung, which was suspected to be a large space-occupying lesion on subsequent computed tomography (CT) and to be a hypermetabolic tumour by positron emission tomography-CT. To confirm the diagnosis, exploratory surgery was performed. Finally, we confirmed the diagnosis of PMML.
CONCLUSIONS
PMML is extremely rare and easily misdiagnosed as lung cancer. Because of its morphological and immunophenotypic variations, the diagnosis of PMML remains difficult. This case report discusses the diagnosis and case management of a patient while referring to the existing literature.
背景
恶性黑色素瘤（MM）通常表现为皮肤的原发性肿瘤，大多数呼吸系统的 MM 病例为转移性。肺原发性 MM（PMML）非常罕见，其诊断相对困难。
病例介绍
我们报告了一例 57 岁男性 PMML 患者，否认有肿瘤病史。他最初的症状是频繁咳嗽带血痰 4 天。胸部 X 线片显示右下肺高密度影，随后的计算机断层扫描（CT）提示为大占位病变，正电子发射断层扫描 - CT 提示为高代谢肿瘤。为了明确诊断，进行了探查性手术。最后，我们确诊为 PMML。
结论
PMML 极为罕见，容易误诊为肺癌。由于其形态和免疫表型的变化，PMML 的诊断仍然具有挑战性。本病例报告在参考现有文献的基础上，讨论了患者的诊断和病例管理。
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