Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, and the Department of Infection Prevention, Yale New Haven Health, New Haven, Connecticut; the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; and the Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology, University of Florida College of Medicine & College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, Florida.
Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jun;135(6):1257-1263. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003919.
As health care systems struggle to maintain adequate supplies of personal protective equipment, there is confusion and anxiety among obstetricians and others about how to best protect themselves, their coworkers, and their patients. Although use of personal protective equipment is a critical strategy to protect health care personnel from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), other strategies also need to be implemented on labor and delivery units to reduce the risk of health care-associated transmission, including screening of all pregnant women who present for care (case identification), placing a mask on and rapidly isolating ill pregnant women, and minimizing the number of personnel who enter the room of an ill patient (physical distancing). Although the mechanism of transmission of COVID-19 is not known with certainty, current evidence suggests that COVID-19 is transmitted primarily through respiratory droplets. Therefore, strict adherence to hand hygiene and consistent use of recommended personal protective equipment are cornerstones for reducing transmission. In addition, it is critical that health care professionals receive training on and practice correct donning (putting on) and doffing (removing) of personal protective equipment and avoid touching their faces as well as their facial protection to minimize self-contamination.
由于医疗保健系统努力维持足够的个人防护设备供应,妇产科医生和其他医务人员对如何最好地保护自己、同事和患者感到困惑和焦虑。虽然使用个人防护设备是保护医护人员免受 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)感染的关键策略,但在分娩单位还需要实施其他策略,以降低医源性传播的风险,包括对所有前来就诊的孕妇进行筛查(病例识别),对患病孕妇佩戴口罩并迅速隔离,以及尽量减少进入患病患者房间的人员数量(保持身体距离)。虽然 COVID-19 的传播机制尚未确定,但目前的证据表明,COVID-19 主要通过呼吸道飞沫传播。因此,严格遵守手卫生和持续使用推荐的个人防护设备是减少传播的基石。此外,医护人员接受关于正确穿戴和脱下个人防护设备的培训并加以实践以及避免触摸自己的面部和面部保护物以最大程度减少自身污染至关重要。