Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2020 Aug;40(5):571-589. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1751056. Epub 2020 Apr 19.
Compared to terrestrial environments, the oceans harbor a variety of environments, creating higher biodiversity, which gives marine natural products a high occurrence of significant biology and novel chemistry. However, traditional bioassay-guided isolation and purification strategies are severely limiting the discovery of additional novel natural products from the ocean. With an increasing number of marine microorganisms being sequenced, genome mining is gradually becoming a powerful tool to retrieve novel marine natural products. In this review, we have summarized genome mining approaches used to analyze key enzymes of biosynthetic pathways and predict the chemical structure of new gene clusters by introducing successful stories that used genome mining strategy to identify new marine-derived compounds. Furthermore, we also put forward challenges for genome mining techniques and their proposed solutions. The detailed analysis of the genome mining strategy will help researchers to understand this novel technique and its application. With the development of a genome sequence, genome mining strategies will be applied more widely, which will drive rapid development in the field of marine natural product development.
与陆地环境相比，海洋蕴藏着各种各样的环境，形成了更高的生物多样性，这使得海洋天然产物具有很高的生物学意义和新颖的化学结构。然而，传统的基于生物测定的分离和纯化策略严重限制了海洋中更多新型天然产物的发现。随着越来越多的海洋微生物被测序，基因组挖掘逐渐成为一种从海洋中获取新型天然产物的有力工具。在这篇综述中，我们总结了用于分析生物合成途径关键酶的基因组挖掘方法，并通过引入成功的案例，预测新基因簇的化学结构，这些案例利用基因组挖掘策略来鉴定新的海洋衍生化合物。此外，我们还提出了基因组挖掘技术面临的挑战和解决方案。对基因组挖掘策略的详细分析将有助于研究人员了解这项新技术及其应用。随着基因组序列的发展，基因组挖掘策略将得到更广泛的应用，这将推动海洋天然产物开发领域的快速发展。
