Jin Sophie, Alberti Fabrizio
Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany.
School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Nat Prod Rep. 2025 Jun 6. doi: 10.1039/d5np00017c.
Covering: up to 2025Reducing the prevalence of phytopathogens and their impact on crops is essential to reach sustainable agriculture goals. Synthetic pesticides have been commonly used to control crop disease but are now strongly linked to disease resistance, environmental pollution, depletion of soil biodiversity, and bioaccumulation, leading to adverse effects on human health. As a alternative, the prolific genus has been studied for its biocontrol properties, as well as its ability to promote plant growth and increase nutrient uptake. This is done through various mechanisms, one of which is the production of bioactive natural products with high chemical diversity. These include terpenoids, alkaloids, non-ribosomal peptides, polyketides and RiPPs. One of the most studied examples is 6-pentyl-2-pyran-2-one, a volatile organic polyketide, which induces systemic acquired resistance, morphogenesis, and natural product biosynthesis in plants. Methods for culturing spp., isolating and characterising unique bioactive metabolites are discussed here, with an emphasis on dereplication strategies using metabolomics to optimise discovery. In addition, the role of genome mining for the study of natural product biosynthesis in , and more generally, filamentous fungi is discussed. Examples of bioinformatics tools available to date are listed here with applications in and other ascomycetes. New advances in genome engineering in are also detailed, providing insights into available strategies for the validation of biosynthetic gene clusters identified using genome mining. Finally, the use of a combination of omics approaches, namely metabologenomics, is presented as a growing field for natural product discovery in fungi.
至2025年
降低植物病原体的流行率及其对作物的影响对于实现可持续农业目标至关重要。合成农药一直被广泛用于控制作物病害，但现在已与抗病性、环境污染、土壤生物多样性的消耗以及生物累积密切相关，从而对人类健康产生不利影响。作为一种替代方法，人们对这个丰富的属进行了研究，探究其生物防治特性以及促进植物生长和增加养分吸收的能力。这是通过多种机制实现的，其中之一是产生具有高度化学多样性的生物活性天然产物。这些包括萜类化合物、生物碱、非核糖体肽、聚酮化合物和核糖体合成和翻译后修饰肽（RiPPs）。研究最多的例子之一是6-戊基-2-吡喃-2-酮，一种挥发性有机聚酮化合物，它能诱导植物的系统获得性抗性、形态发生和天然产物生物合成。本文讨论了培养该属菌种、分离和表征独特生物活性代谢物的方法，重点是使用代谢组学的去重复策略来优化发现过程。此外，还讨论了基因组挖掘在该属以及更广泛地在丝状真菌天然产物生物合成研究中的作用。这里列出了迄今为止可用的生物信息学工具的例子及其在该属和其他子囊菌中的应用。还详细介绍了该属基因组工程的新进展，为验证通过基因组挖掘鉴定的生物合成基因簇的可用策略提供了见解。最后，介绍了组学方法的组合应用，即代谢基因组学，它作为真菌天然产物发现的一个不断发展的领域。
