Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.
Pediatric Cardiology Children's Hospital, and Pediatric Research Center Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 Apr 21;9(8):e011541. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.011541. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common anatomical malformation occurring live-born infants and an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality across the lifespan and throughout the world. Population-based observations have long described associations between maternal cardiometabolic disorders and the risk of CHD in the offspring. Here we review the epidemiological evidence and clinical observations relating maternal obesity and diabetes mellitus to the risk of CHD offspring with particular attention to mechanistic models of maternal-fetal risk transmission and first trimester disturbances of fetal cardiac development. A deeper understanding of maternal risk factors holds the potential to improve both prenatal detection of CHD by identifying at-risk pregnancies, along with primary prevention of disease by improving preconception and prenatal treatment of at-risk mothers.
先天性心脏病（CHD）是活产婴儿中最常见的解剖畸形，也是全球范围内发病率和死亡率增加的一个原因。基于人群的观察长期以来描述了母体心脏代谢紊乱与后代 CHD 风险之间的关联。在这里，我们回顾了与母体肥胖和糖尿病相关的流行病学证据和临床观察，这些观察结果与胎儿心脏发育的第一个三孕期胎儿心脏发育障碍和胎儿心脏发育障碍有关。对母体危险因素的深入了解有可能通过识别高危妊娠来提高 CHD 的产前检出率，并通过改善高危母亲的孕前和产前治疗来预防疾病。
