Instituto de Agroquimica y Tecnologia de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC).
Avenida Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2021;40:49-80. doi: 10.21775/cimb.040.049. Epub 2020 Apr 22.
is the bacterial genus that contains the highest number of characterized probiotics. Lactobacilli in general can utilize a great variety of carbohydrates. This characteristic is an essential trait for their survival in highly competitive environments such as the gastrointestinal tract of animals. In particular, the ability of some strains to utilize complex carbohydrates such as milk oligosaccharides as well as their precursor monosaccharides, confer upon lactobacilli a competitive advantage. For this reason, many of these carbohydrates are considered as prebiotics. Genome sequencing of many lactobacilli strains has revealed a great variety of genes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and some of them have already been characterized. In this review, the current knowledge at biochemical and genetic levels on the catabolic pathways of complex carbohydrates utilized by lactobacilli will be summarized.
是包含最多已鉴定益生菌的细菌属。乳杆菌通常可以利用多种碳水化合物。这种特性是它们在动物胃肠道等竞争激烈的环境中生存的必要特征。特别是，一些菌株利用复杂碳水化合物（如乳寡糖）及其前体单糖的能力，赋予了乳杆菌竞争优势。因此，许多这些碳水化合物被认为是益生元。对许多乳杆菌菌株的基因组测序揭示了涉及碳水化合物代谢的大量基因，其中一些已经得到了表征。在这篇综述中，将总结乳杆菌利用的复杂碳水化合物的分解代谢途径在生化和遗传水平上的最新知识。
