Umoh Victor Aniedi, Akpan Effiong Ekong, Ekrikpo Udeme Ekpeyong, Idung Alphonsus Udo, Ekpe Eyo Effiong
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
Department of Family Medicine, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
Niger Med J. 2020 Jan-Feb;61(1):32-36. doi: 10.4103/nmj.NMJ_129_19. Epub 2020 Mar 2.
CONTEXT/AIMS: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus share obesity as a common risk factor. The presence of OSA may contribute to increased morbidity and mortality of diabetes. Despite their close association, OSA is not routinely evaluated in diabetic patients. This study was conducted to determine the risk of OSA among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary hospital in Nigeria were evaluated for OSA risk using the Berlin Questionnaire. Other parameters measured included anthropometry and blood pressure (BP).
Three hundred and twenty-seven patients participated in this survey: 177 (54.1%) were female and 150 (45.9%) were male. The average age of the patients was 56.2 ± 9.3 years. Seventy-eight (44.8%) females were obese compared to 30 (20.0%) males,P < 0.001. Two hundred and one (61.5%) patients were previously known hypertensives with only 48 (23.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.2-30.4) of them having good BP control. One hundred and sixty-two (49.5%, 95% CI; 44.0-55.1) patients had a high risk for OSA: 96 (54.2%; 95% CI: 44.6-61.7) females and 66 (44.0%; 95% CI: 35.9-52.3) males. The strongest predictor for a high risk of OSA was poorly controlled BP with an odds ratio of 2.6 (95% CI: 1.6-4.3).
This study has demonstrated that there is a high risk of OSA among Type 2 diabetic patients and that OSA risk is significantly associated with poor BP control and obesity. We recommend that diabetic patients should be assessed for OSA risk as part of their routine evaluation.
背景/目的：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）和2型糖尿病都有肥胖这一共同风险因素。OSA的存在可能导致糖尿病的发病率和死亡率增加。尽管二者联系紧密，但糖尿病患者中OSA并未得到常规评估。本研究旨在确定2型糖尿病患者中OSA的风险。
在尼日利亚一家三级医院就诊的2型糖尿病患者使用柏林问卷评估OSA风险。测量的其他参数包括人体测量和血压（BP）。
327名患者参与了本次调查：177名（54.1%）为女性，150名（45.9%）为男性。患者的平均年龄为56.2±9.3岁。78名（44.8%）女性肥胖，而男性为30名（20.0%），P<0.001。201名（61.5%）患者既往已知患有高血压，其中只有48名（23.9%；95%置信区间[CI]：18.2 - 30.4）血压控制良好。162名（49.5%，95%CI；44.0 - 55.1）患者有OSA高风险：96名（54.2%；95%CI：44.6 - 61.7）女性和66名（44.0%；95%CI：35.9 - 52.3）男性。OSA高风险的最强预测因素是血压控制不佳，比值比为2.6（95%CI：1.6 - 4.3）。
本研究表明2型糖尿病患者中OSA风险较高，且OSA风险与血压控制不佳和肥胖显著相关。我们建议糖尿病患者应作为常规评估的一部分接受OSA风险评估。
