Mao Yuqiang, Liu Xiaoying
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Chem. 2020 Apr 9;8:257. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00257. eCollection 2020.
Among all cancers, lung, breast, and prostate carcinoma are the three most fatal cancers. Although general therapeutic strategies and existent nanomedicine have been applied in relating cancer treatments, the side effects and potential damage induced by the off-target effect greatly lower the therapeutic efficiency. Recently, an increasing number of bioresponsive nanomaterials is recruited in fighting these deadliest cancers. Therefore, these latest bioresponsive nanomedicine are summarized in the current review. More specifically, the various novel nano-agents that could selectively respond to specific bio-conditions in malignant areas (e.g., pH, temperature, enzyme, Redox, elevated copper ion, etc.) are discussed in detail for their applications in cancer imaging (e.g., fluorescence, NIR, and MRI, etc.) and therapy (e.g., antiangiogenesis, chemotherapy, photothermal, and chemodynamic therapy, etc.). The development of next-generation of bioresponsive nanomedicine and challenges involved are further discussed for future design.
在所有癌症中，肺癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌是三种最致命的癌症。尽管一般治疗策略和现有的纳米药物已应用于相关癌症治疗，但脱靶效应引起的副作用和潜在损害大大降低了治疗效率。最近，越来越多的生物响应性纳米材料被用于对抗这些最致命的癌症。因此，本综述总结了这些最新的生物响应性纳米药物。更具体地说，详细讨论了各种能够选择性响应恶性区域特定生物条件（如pH值、温度、酶、氧化还原、铜离子升高等等）的新型纳米制剂在癌症成像（如荧光、近红外和磁共振成像等等）和治疗（如抗血管生成、化疗、光热和化学动力疗法等等）中的应用。还进一步讨论了下一代生物响应性纳米药物的发展以及未来设计所涉及的挑战。
