Adsorption & Advanced Materials Laboratory (A2ML), Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
Biotechnol J. 2021 Feb;16(2):e2000005. doi: 10.1002/biot.202000005. Epub 2020 May 25.
Among a plethora of nano-sized therapeutics, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been some of the most investigated novel materials for, predominantly, cancer drug delivery applications. Due to their large drug uptake capacities and slow-release mechanisms, MOFs are desirable drug delivery vehicles that protect and transport sensitive drug molecules to target sites. The inclusion of other guest materials into MOFs to make MOF-composite materials has added further functionality, from externally triggered drug release to improved pharmacokinetics and diagnostic aids. MOF-composites are synthetically versatile and can include examples such as magnetic nanoparticles in MOFs for MRI image contrast and polymer coatings that improve the blood-circulation time. From synthesis to applications, this review will consider the main developments in MOF-composite chemistry for biomedical applications and demonstrate the potential of these novel agents in nanomedicine. It is concluded that, although vast synthetic progress has been made in the field, it requires now to develop more biomedical expertise with a focus on rational model selection, a major comparative toxicity study, and advanced targeting techniques.
在众多纳米级治疗药物中，金属有机骨架（MOFs）是研究最多的新型材料之一，主要用于癌症药物输送应用。由于其具有较大的药物摄取能力和缓慢释放机制，MOFs 是理想的药物输送载体，可以保护和将敏感的药物分子输送到靶位。将其他客体材料纳入 MOFs 中以制成 MOF 复合材料，增加了额外的功能，从外部触发药物释放到改善药代动力学和诊断辅助。MOF 复合材料在合成上具有多功能性，可包括将磁性纳米粒子纳入 MOFs 中以用于 MRI 图像对比和聚合物涂层以改善血液循环时间等例子。从合成到应用，本综述将考虑 MOF 复合材料化学在生物医学应用中的主要发展，并展示这些新型药物在纳米医学中的潜力。结论是，尽管该领域在合成方面取得了巨大进展，但现在需要发展更多的生物医学专业知识，重点是合理的模型选择、主要的毒性比较研究和先进的靶向技术。
