Dzomeku Beloved Mensah, Wald Julian P, Wünsche Jens Norbert, Nohr Donatus, Biesalski Hans K
CSIR-Crops Research Institute, P.O. Box 3785, Kumasi AK000-AK911, Ghana.
Institute of Nutrition Science (140a), University of Hohenheim, Garben strasse 30, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Apr 22;9(4):541. doi: 10.3390/plants9040541.
Diet diversification and the exploitation of traditional, micronutrient-rich germplasm of staple crops are generally regarded as sustainable and low-cost approaches to increase the micronutrient intake of resource-poor people. Sun's UV index was collected daily throughout the year. The study assessed the seasonality of provitamin A carotenoids in three plantain cultivars in response to climatic condition. Fruits were harvested at three maturities and freeze-dried before analysis. The results showed that there were high levels of the sun's UV-B radiations throughout the year with the highest occurring from November to May when the area experienced clear skies with minimal cloud cover. These high levels of the sun's UV-B index occurred between 9.00 h GMT and 17.00 h GMT. The study also showed that α-carotene content increased with maturity in "Apantu" during the rainy seasons ranging from 95 to 172 μg/100 g of dry pulp. Similar trends were observed during the dry season with a range of 28 to 489 μg/100 g. The α-carotene contents were very high in the periods of high sun's UV-B radiations compared to the periods of low sun's UV-B radiations. The α-carotene levels in the giant French plantains showed similar trends. Intermediate French "Oniaba" and False Horn "Apantu" plantain cultivar showed the highest content of β-carotene during the dry season. The high provitamin A carotenoid levels in the cultivars coincided with the high levels of the sun's UV index.
饮食多样化以及利用传统的、富含微量营养素的主粮作物种质资源，通常被视为增加贫困人口微量营养素摄入量的可持续且低成本的方法。全年每天收集太阳紫外线指数。该研究评估了三种大蕉品种中维生素A原类胡萝卜素随气候条件变化的季节性。在三个成熟阶段采收果实，并在分析前进行冷冻干燥。结果表明，全年太阳紫外线B辐射水平较高，最高值出现在11月至次年5月，此时该地区天空晴朗，云量极少。这些高太阳紫外线B指数水平出现在协调世界时9:00至17:00之间。该研究还表明，在雨季，“阿潘图”品种的α-胡萝卜素含量随成熟度增加，范围为95至172微克/100克干果肉。旱季也观察到类似趋势，范围为28至489微克/100克。与低太阳紫外线B辐射期相比，高太阳紫外线B辐射期的α-胡萝卜素含量非常高。巨型法国大蕉的α-胡萝卜素水平也呈现类似趋势。中间型法国“奥尼亚巴”和假角“阿潘图”大蕉品种在旱季β-胡萝卜素含量最高。品种中高维生素A原类胡萝卜素水平与高太阳紫外线指数水平一致。
