Sapkota Jyotshna, Sharma Manisha, Jha Beena, Bhatt Chandra Prakash
Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2019 Nov-Dec;57(220):398-402. doi: 10.31729/jnma.4673.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the commonest cause of nosocomial infections. Resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain has become a matter of concern. This study was done to find out the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus from different clinical samples.
The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Clinical Microbiology laboratory from January 2019 to June 2019. Ethical approval was received from the Institutional Review Committee (Ref: 28122018010). Six hundred sixty-six sample size was calculated. Convenient sampling was done. Staphylococcus aureus was identified on the basis of its microscopy and morphological characteristics followed by catalase and coagulase test. Antibiotic sensitivity test of misolated pathogens was done using Muller Hinton Agar by Kirby-Bauer method. Statistical analysis was done by Excel 2018, point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Out of the 666 bacteria isolated from clinical specimens, 133 (19.96%) were Staphylococcus aureus at 95% confidence interval (12.91-13.60%). Seventy nine (78.95%) of which is isolated from pus and wound infections. Out of 133 Staphylococcus aureus, 94 (70.64%) were Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
This study provides valuable information regarding the high prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus from pus and wound infections. The alarming number of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus is worrisome finding. Antibiotics like Vancomycin and Linezolid which has not developed resistance should be cautiously used only in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus cases.
金黄色葡萄球菌是医院感染最常见的病因之一。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌菌株已成为一个令人担忧的问题。本研究旨在查明不同临床样本中金黄色葡萄球菌的流行情况。
2019年1月至2019年6月在临床微生物实验室进行描述性横断面研究。获得了机构审查委员会的伦理批准（参考号：28122018010）。计算出样本量为666例。采用方便抽样法。根据其显微镜检查和形态学特征，随后进行过氧化氢酶和凝固酶试验来鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌。对分离出的病原体进行抗生素敏感性试验，采用 Kirby-Bauer 方法，使用 Muller Hinton 琼脂培养基。使用Excel 2018进行统计分析，计算95%置信区间的点估计值以及二元数据的频率和比例。
从临床标本中分离出的666株细菌中，有133株（19.96%）为金黄色葡萄球菌，95%置信区间为（12.91 - 13.60%）。其中79株（78.95%）分离自脓液和伤口感染。在133株金黄色葡萄球菌中，94株（70.64%）为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。
本研究提供了有关脓液和伤口感染中金黄色葡萄球菌高流行率的有价值信息。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌数量惊人是一个令人担忧的发现。像万古霉素和利奈唑胺等尚未产生耐药性的抗生素应仅在耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌病例中谨慎使用。
