Farooqui Sana, Mohammad Shadab, Srivastava Saurabh, Mehrotra Divya, Bhattacharya Sandeep
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP India.
2Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, UP India.
J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2020 Jun;19(2):269-272. doi: 10.1007/s12663-019-01200-5. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
The tobacco use and the dietary intake/levels of vitamin C and E, and the trace elements, iron, copper, zinc, and selenium are interrelated with the development of oral precancer. These micronutrients are necessary for maintaining good oral health.
To estimate the nutritional status, vitamin E, C and micronutrient level of zinc, iron, copper, and selenium, and basic vitals in all study groups.
The study sample is comprised of 384 subjects. There were three study groups, and in each study group, there were 128 subjects. Group A was tobacco users without oral precancer/dysplasia. Group B was tobacco users with oral precancer (H/P confirmed). Group C was healthy individuals with no history of tobacco or areca nut use and oral precancer. Data have been collected using a standard structured predesigned questionnaire for evaluation of the nutrition level of the subject; 5 mL blood has been collected for estimation of micronutrients; and basic vitals such as pulse rate and blood pressure have been examined using the digital machine. Questionnaire data will also be entered in the worksheet for the purpose of analysis. The analysis will be performed using the commercially available Statistical Package SPSS.
The serum level of zinc, iron, selenium, vitamin E and C was decreasing in Groups A and B, i.e., users with precancer and users without precancer as compared to Group C, i.e., controls. But serum copper level was increasing in Groups A and B, i.e., users with precancer and users without precancer, and the level was found to be decreased in Group C, i.e., controls. Later on, in the present study, basic vitals such as blood pressure and pulse rate of all the study subjects in all the three groups were clinically examined. No significant differences were found in blood pressure, pulse rate (radial pulse), and height in all groups. But the weight was slightly higher in Groups A and B as compared to Group C.
Diet plays an aggressive role in the development of oral precancer. The deficiency of certain micro nutrients may lead to disease progression. We can say that a healthy diet comprising of vegetarian and plain food may lead to solving issues of oral health.
The above-highlighted text shows that micronutrients play dominant role in maintenance of oral health and its deficiency may result in the growth of oral precancer. So involving diet rich in zinc, iron, selenium, vitamin E and C may help in maintaining healthy nation.
烟草使用、维生素C和E的膳食摄入量/水平以及微量元素铁、铜、锌和硒与口腔癌前病变的发生相互关联。这些微量营养素对于维持良好的口腔健康是必需的。
评估所有研究组的营养状况、维生素E、C以及锌、铁、铜和硒的微量营养素水平和基本生命体征。
研究样本包括384名受试者。有三个研究组，每个研究组有128名受试者。A组为无口腔癌前病变/发育异常的烟草使用者。B组为患有口腔癌前病变（经组织病理学证实）的烟草使用者。C组为无烟草或槟榔使用史且无口腔癌前病变的健康个体。使用标准的结构化预先设计问卷收集数据以评估受试者的营养水平；采集5毫升血液用于评估微量营养素；并使用数字仪器检查脉搏率和血压等基本生命体征。问卷数据也将输入工作表进行分析。将使用市售的统计软件包SPSS进行分析。
与C组（即对照组）相比，A组和B组（即有癌前病变的使用者和无癌前病变的使用者）的血清锌、铁、硒、维生素E和C水平降低。但A组和B组（即有癌前病变的使用者和无癌前病变的使用者）的血清铜水平升高，而C组（即对照组）的血清铜水平降低。随后，在本研究中，对所有三个组的所有研究对象的血压和脉搏率等基本生命体征进行了临床检查。所有组的血压、脉搏率（桡动脉脉搏）和身高均无显著差异。但A组和B组的体重略高于C组。
饮食在口腔癌前病变的发生中起积极作用。某些微量营养素的缺乏可能导致疾病进展。我们可以说，由素食和普通食物组成的健康饮食可能有助于解决口腔健康问题。
上述突出文本表明，微量营养素在维持口腔健康中起主导作用，其缺乏可能导致口腔癌前病变的发展。因此，摄入富含锌、铁、硒、维生素E和C的饮食可能有助于保持国民健康。
