Ruiz-Pellón N, Sarabia-Cobo C, Amo-Setién F, Fernández-Peña R, Abajas R, Martín R, Ortego-Mate C
Servicio Cántabro de Salud. Santander, Spain.
Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Cantabria, IDIVAL Nursing Research Group, Spain.
Nurse Educ Today. 2020 Apr 19;90:104442. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104442.
The aim of this review was to explore the experiences of nursing students participating in end-of-life education programs.
A systematic review.
Exhaustive literature searches were performed using seven electronic databases: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, Dialnet Plus, Eric and Cuiden Plus.
In total, 6572 studies published from 2008 until 2018 were examined. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program was used to assess the quality of the studies included in the review. The findings were synthesized using meta-aggregation.
Seventeen studies were included in this systematic review, representing a sample of 606 nursing students. Simulation methods were most common among the educational programs analyzed. The analysis of qualitative data allowed us to identify 260 illustrations which were grouped into 14 categories and three themes: feelings and emotions during the performance of the pedagogical activity, end-of-life education among nursing students and competencies acquired on death and end-of-life. The most highlighted communication skills were learning to listen and building confidence to speak with the patient, family and the general public.
End-of-life programs generally helped students acquire communication skills, learn concepts and improve the administration of this type of care. In addition, they perceived the experience as an opportunity to learn more about oneself, gain trust and support critical thinking. Nonetheless, the evidence available in this field is limited due to the small number of studies, plus the limited data reported. Thus, further studies on this subject are necessary.
本综述旨在探究护理专业学生参与临终关怀教育项目的经历。
系统综述。
使用七个电子数据库进行了详尽的文献检索：医学文献数据库（Medline）、Scopus数据库、科学引文索引（Web of Science）、护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL Plus）、Dialnet Plus数据库、教育资源信息中心（Eric）和Cuiden Plus数据库。
共检索了2008年至2018年发表的6572项研究。采用批判性评估技能计划来评估纳入综述的研究质量。研究结果通过元聚合进行综合分析。
本系统综述纳入了17项研究，涵盖606名护理专业学生。在所分析的教育项目中，模拟方法最为常见。对定性数据的分析使我们能够识别出260个例证，这些例证被归为14类和三个主题：教学活动开展过程中的感受和情绪、护理专业学生的临终关怀教育以及在死亡和临终关怀方面获得的能力素养。最突出的沟通技能是学会倾听以及增强与患者、家属和公众交谈的信心。
临终关怀项目通常有助于学生获得沟通技能、学习相关概念并改善此类护理的实施。此外，他们将这段经历视为一个更多了解自己、获得信任并支持批判性思维的机会。尽管如此，由于研究数量较少以及报告的数据有限，该领域的现有证据仍然有限。因此，有必要对这一主题进行进一步研究。
