van den Heuvel Rick, Stammnitz Anke
Bezirksregierung Detmold, EAE Bielefeld, Bielefeld.
Gesundheitswesen. 2020 May;82(5):e67-e71. doi: 10.1055/a-1138-0603. Epub 2020 Apr 30.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the immunization rate as well as the refusals of at least one vaccination against measles by asylum seekers in the reception center (EAE) Bielefeld (a town in Germany). The findings represent a baseline for this asylum center before the implementation of mandatory immunizations against measles.
This is a cross-sectional study. Lists with routinely collected management data were used to collect and analyze demographic information (age, gender, nationality) and data on vaccinations. Results In this study, data on 4606 asylum seekers based in the reception center (EAE) Bielefeld (01 January 2018-31 December 2018) were analyzed. These showed that 59% were male, 41% were female asylum seekers and 62% of them were under 30 years of age. The top ten countries of origin were: Turkey 15%, Syria 13%, Iraq 9%, Iran 9%, Nigeria 5%, Afghanistan 4%, Guinea 3%, Albania 3%, Somalia 3% and Pakistan 3%. Of the 4606 asylum seekers, 4326 were between 1 and 49 years of age; 3150 of them possessed at least one documented vaccination against measles. Thus, the immunization rate of measles vaccination was 73%. The immunization rate of measles vaccination related to different age cohorts ranged from 67% (1-4 years of age) to 78% (10-14 years of age). The following main reasons for non-vaccination against measles were identified: refusal (21%), being ill (2%), pregnancy (2%), "other" (1%).
In EAE Bielefeld the immunization rate of measles vaccination was 73%. The main reason for non-immunization was refusal to be vaccinated (21% of the eligible asylum seekers). It is a matter of urgency that the immunization rate of EAE Bielefeld be increased. The planned statutory vaccination against measles and internal measures in the reception center will help closing immunization gaps. More studies involving numerous asylum reception centers are required to obtain national figures related to measles immunization of asylum seekers in Germany.
这项横断面研究的目的是确定德国比勒费尔德市（德国的一个城镇）接待中心（EAE）寻求庇护者的麻疹疫苗接种率以及至少拒绝接种一剂麻疹疫苗的情况。这些研究结果代表了该庇护中心在实施麻疹强制免疫之前的基线情况。
这是一项横断面研究。使用常规收集的管理数据列表来收集和分析人口统计学信息（年龄、性别、国籍）以及疫苗接种数据。结果：在本研究中，对2018年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间比勒费尔德市接待中心（EAE）的4606名寻求庇护者的数据进行了分析。结果显示，59%为男性，41%为女性寻求庇护者，其中62%年龄在30岁以下。前十大原籍国分别是：土耳其15%、叙利亚13%、伊拉克9%、伊朗9%、尼日利亚5%、阿富汗4%、几内亚3%、阿尔巴尼亚3%、索马里3%和巴基斯坦3%。在4606名寻求庇护者中，4326人年龄在1至49岁之间；其中3150人至少有一剂麻疹疫苗接种记录。因此，麻疹疫苗接种率为73%。不同年龄组的麻疹疫苗接种率在67%（1至4岁）至78%（10至14岁）之间。确定了未接种麻疹疫苗的以下主要原因：拒绝（21%）、患病（2%）、怀孕（2%）、“其他”（1%）。
在比勒费尔德市接待中心（EAE），麻疹疫苗接种率为73%。未接种疫苗的主要原因是拒绝接种（占符合条件的寻求庇护者的21%）。提高比勒费尔德市接待中心（EAE）的疫苗接种率迫在眉睫。计划中的法定麻疹疫苗接种和接待中心的内部措施将有助于填补免疫空白。需要开展更多涉及众多庇护接待中心的研究，以获取德国寻求庇护者麻疹免疫的全国数据。
