IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2021 Jan;68(1):19-25. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2020.2990356. Epub 2020 Dec 21.
Epilepsy affects 50 million people worldwide and its pathogenesis is still unknown. In particular, the movement-related neural activities involving glutamate (Glu) and electrophysiological signals at cellular level remains unclear.
A cellular-scale implantable microelectrode array (MEA) was fabricated to detect the movement-related neural activities involving Glu concentration and electrophysiological signals. Platinum and reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites were deposited to enhance the surface area. Glu oxidase (Gluox) were coated to effectively recognize Glu molecule.
Neural activities in the hippocampus of normal and epileptic mice is different, and the changes are closely connected with movement. Glu concentration and spike firing rate in the epileptic mice were much higher than those in the normal ones. And the neural activities with significant synchronization were detected in the epileptic mice even without seizure occurrence. Meanwhile, the spikes fire more intensively and Glu level became much higher during the movement of the mice compared to the stationary state.
The existing abnormality of neural activities in the epileptic mice are potential factors to induce a seizure. Movement may impact the neural activities and the duration of seizure.
The MEA can monitor changes of movement, Glu and neuron discharges synchronously and provides us an effective technology to understand the neuronal disease.
癫痫影响全球 5000 万人，其发病机制尚不清楚。特别是涉及谷氨酸（Glu）的运动相关神经活动和细胞水平的电生理信号仍不清楚。
制备了一种细胞级可植入微电极阵列（MEA），以检测涉及 Glu 浓度和电生理信号的运动相关神经活动。沉积铂和还原氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料以增加表面积。涂覆谷氨酸氧化酶（Gluox）以有效识别 Glu 分子。
正常和癫痫小鼠海马中的神经活动不同，变化与运动密切相关。癫痫小鼠的 Glu 浓度和尖峰发射率远高于正常小鼠。即使没有癫痫发作，也在癫痫小鼠中检测到具有显著同步性的神经活动。同时，与静止状态相比，在小鼠运动时，尖峰发射更加剧烈，Glu 水平升高很多。
癫痫小鼠中现有的神经活动异常是诱发癫痫的潜在因素。运动可能会影响神经活动和癫痫持续时间。
MEA 可以同步监测运动、Glu 和神经元放电的变化，为我们提供了一种了解神经元疾病的有效技术。
