Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
J Dent. 2020 Jun;97:103323. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103323. Epub 2020 Apr 28.
Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) have shown beneficial effects of a robust release of calcium and phosphate ions at low pH. Here we examined the effect of NACP combined into antibacterial/rechargeable sealant formulations on the mineral content of artificial carious enamel during pH-cycling mimicking intraoral conditions.
NACP and a quaternary ammonium methacrylate (DMAHDM) were synthesized. Three resin sealants were formulated: "base formulation" (without NACP and DMAHDM, used as control); "NACP on the base formulation" (with 20 wt.% NACP); "NACP on the antibacterial formulation" (with 20 wt.% NACP and 5 wt.% DMAHDM). Standardized enamel windows on sealed non-carious human molars were demineralized and randomly divided into four groups: three groups of teeth sealed with the experimental materials and one group of teeth without sealant application used as negative control. The teeth were exposed to pH cycling regime. The changes in the mineral content of enamel were assessed by quantitative surface hardness loss in percentage (%SHL) and qualitative analyses via scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and polarized light microscopy (PLM).
The contact with NACP-containing formulations provoked significant lower %SHL on sealed enamel (p < 0.05) in comparison to control groups. This outcome was supported by the results of SEM-EDX, in which the enamel presented higher percentages of calcium and phosphate than control groups. PLM showed less enamel superficial demineralization around the sealants containing NACP.
NACP incorporated into an antibacterial sealant protected the enamel against demineralization. pH-responsive calcium and phosphate-ion releasing sealants with antimicrobial and rechargeable properties may be a reliable complementary approach for caries management.
Dental caries is the most common childhood disease. Enamel demineralization represents the initial stage of carious lesion formation and may lead to invasive dental procedures. We explored the role of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) in a newly-developed antibacterial and rechargeable dental sealant formulation as a preventive approach.
无定形磷酸钙纳米粒子（NACP）已显示出在低 pH 值下可有效释放钙和磷酸根离子的优势。在此，我们研究了将 NACP 纳入抗菌/可再充电密封剂配方中对人工龋釉质在模拟口腔内条件下 pH 循环过程中矿物质含量的影响。
合成了 NACP 和季铵甲基丙烯酸酯（DMAHDM）。制备了三种树脂密封剂：“基础配方”（不含 NACP 和 DMAHDM，用作对照）；“基础配方上的 NACP”（含 20wt.%NACP）；“抗菌配方上的 NACP”（含 20wt.%NACP 和 5wt.%DMAHDM）。在密封的非龋恒磨牙上制备标准化釉质窗，随机分为四组：三组用实验材料密封，一组不用密封剂作为阴性对照。牙齿暴露于 pH 循环环境中。通过定量表面硬度损失百分比（%SHL）和扫描电子显微镜/能谱分析（SEM-EDX）和偏光显微镜（PLM）的定性分析来评估釉质矿物质含量的变化。
与对照组相比，接触含 NACP 的配方会导致密封釉质的 %SHL 显著降低（p<0.05）。SEM-EDX 的结果支持了这一结果，表明含有 NACP 的釉质中钙和磷的百分比高于对照组。PLM 显示含 NACP 的密封剂周围釉质表面脱矿程度较低。
NACP 掺入抗菌密封剂可保护釉质免受脱矿。具有 pH 响应性、释放钙和磷酸根离子、抗菌和可再充电特性的密封剂可能是一种可靠的龋齿管理补充方法。
龋齿是最常见的儿童疾病。釉质脱矿是龋病形成的初始阶段，可能导致侵袭性牙科治疗。我们研究了无定形磷酸钙（NACP）在新开发的抗菌和可再充电牙用密封剂配方中的作用，作为一种预防方法。
