Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Apr 30;20(9):2554. doi: 10.3390/s20092554.
The remarkable multimodal functionalities of magnetic nanoparticles, conferred by their size and morphology, are very important in resolving challenges slowing the progression of nanobiotechnology. The rapid and revolutionary expansion of magnetic nanoparticles in nanobiotechnology, especially in nanomedicine and therapeutics, demands an overview of the current state of the art for synthesizing and characterizing magnetic nanoparticles. In this review, we explain the synthesis routes for tailoring the size, morphology, composition, and magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticles. The pros and cons of the most popularly used characterization techniques for determining the aforementioned parameters, with particular focus on nanomedicine and biosensing applications, are discussed. Moreover, we provide numerous biomedical applications and highlight their challenges and requirements that must be met using the magnetic nanoparticles to achieve the most effective outcomes. Finally, we conclude this review by providing an insight towards resolving the persisting challenges and the future directions. This review should be an excellent source of information for beginners in this field who are looking for a groundbreaking start but they have been overwhelmed by the volume of literature.
磁性纳米粒子的显著多模态功能，由其尺寸和形态赋予，对于解决阻碍纳米生物技术发展的挑战非常重要。磁性纳米粒子在纳米生物技术中的快速和革命性扩展，特别是在纳米医学和治疗学中，需要对合成和表征磁性纳米粒子的最新技术进行概述。在这篇综述中，我们解释了调整磁性纳米粒子的尺寸、形态、组成和磁性能的合成途径。讨论了最常用的用于确定上述参数的特性化技术的优缺点，特别关注纳米医学和生物传感应用。此外，我们提供了许多生物医学应用，并强调了使用磁性纳米粒子实现最有效结果所需满足的挑战和要求。最后，我们通过提供解决持续挑战和未来方向的见解来结束这篇综述。对于那些正在寻找开创性起点但被大量文献所淹没的该领域的初学者来说，这篇综述应该是一个极好的信息来源。
