National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
Nutrients. 2020 May 1;12(5):1290. doi: 10.3390/nu12051290.
Dietary intake of adequate quality and quantity in early life is essential for healthy growth and development. This study aimed to examine the association between one-year change in growth and diet quality in preschool children in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan. A total of 110 participants (49% boys, four to five years old at baseline) were included in this analysis. Body mass index for age z-score (BAZ) and height for age z-score (HAZ) were calculated in accordance with WHO reference. Dietary intakes were assessed using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire for children (BDHQ3y), and daily quality score was calculated based on the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFGST score). Regression analyses found no significant association between one-year change in growth and diet quality (compared to a low JFGST score, BAZ: β = 0.16, 95% CI: -0.29 to 0.60 for a middle JFGST score, β = -0.14, 95% CI: -0.61 to 0.33 for a high JFGST score, HAZ: β = -0.15, 95% CI: -0.50 to 0.21 for a middle JFGST score, β = -0.06, 95% CI: -0.43 to 0.30 for a high JFGST score). Further studies are needed to develop an appropriate diet quality index for healthy growth in Japanese preschool children.
在生命早期摄入充足且优质的饮食对于健康的生长和发育至关重要。本研究旨在探讨日本东京足立区学龄前儿童一年内生长变化与饮食质量之间的关系。本分析共纳入 110 名参与者（49%为男性，基线时年龄为 4-5 岁）。根据世界卫生组织的参考标准，计算了年龄别体重 z 评分（BAZ）和年龄别身高 z 评分（HAZ）。饮食摄入量通过儿童简短型自我管理饮食史问卷（BDHQ3y）进行评估，并根据日本食品指南陀螺（JFGST 评分）计算每日质量评分。回归分析发现，一年内生长变化与饮食质量之间没有显著关联（与低 JFGST 评分相比，BAZ：β=0.16，95%CI：-0.29 至 0.60；中 JFGST 评分β=-0.14，95%CI：-0.61 至 0.33；高 JFGST 评分β=-0.15，95%CI：-0.50 至 0.21；中 JFGST 评分β=-0.06，95%CI：-0.43 至 0.30）。需要进一步研究来为日本学龄前儿童的健康生长开发适当的饮食质量指数。
