Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.
Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Ullevål Stadion, P.O.box 4014, 0806, Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2020 Jul;120(7):1541-1549. doi: 10.1007/s00421-020-04381-x. Epub 2020 May 5.
The purpose of this study was to investigate if endurance athletes, sustaining their normal endurance training, experience attenuated adaptations to strength training compared to untrained individuals.
Eleven non-strength-trained female endurance athletes (E + S) added 11 weeks of strength training to their normal endurance training (5.1 ± 1.1 h per week), and 10 untrained women (S) performed the same strength training without any endurance training. The strength training consisted of four leg exercises [3 × 4 - 10 repetition maximum (RM)], performed twice a week for 11 weeks.
E + S and S displayed similar increases in 1RM one-legged leg press (E + S 39 ± 19%, S 42 ± 17%, p < 0.05), maximal isometric torque in knee extension (E + S 12 ± 11%, S 8 ± 10%, p < 0.05) and lean mass in the legs (E + S 3 ± 4%, S 3 ± 3%, p < 0.05). However, S displayed superior increases in peak torque in knee extension at an angular velocity of 240° sec (E + S 8 ± 5%, S 15 ± 7%, p < 0.05) and maximal squat jump height (E + S 8 ± 6%, S 14 ± 7%, p < 0.05).
In this study, concurrent training did not impair the adaptations in the ability to develop force at low contraction velocities or muscle hypertrophy. However, concurrent training attenuated strength training-associated changes in the ability to develop force at higher muscular contraction velocities.
本研究旨在探讨与未经训练的个体相比，持续进行耐力训练的耐力运动员在进行力量训练时，其对力量训练的适应是否会减弱。
11 名非力量训练的女性耐力运动员（E+S）在其正常耐力训练（每周 5.1±1.1 小时）中增加了 11 周的力量训练，而 10 名未经训练的女性（S）则在没有任何耐力训练的情况下进行相同的力量训练。力量训练包括四项腿部练习[3×4-10 重复最大（RM）]，每周进行两次，持续 11 周。
E+S 和 S 在单腿腿举 1RM 方面的增加相似（E+S 为 39±19%，S 为 42±17%，p<0.05），膝关节伸展的最大等长扭矩（E+S 为 12±11%，S 为 8±10%，p<0.05）和腿部瘦体重（E+S 为 3±4%，S 为 3±3%，p<0.05）。然而，S 在膝关节伸展角速度为 240°/秒时的峰值扭矩（E+S 为 8±5%，S 为 15±7%，p<0.05）和最大深蹲跳高度（E+S 为 8±6%，S 为 14±7%，p<0.05）方面的增加明显优于 E+S。
在本研究中，同时进行力量和耐力训练并未损害低收缩速度下产生力量的能力或肌肉肥大的适应。然而，同时进行力量和耐力训练会减弱与力量训练相关的在较高肌肉收缩速度下产生力量的能力的变化。
