Zamani Shahrzad, Emami Seyyed Ahmad, Iranshahi Mehrdad, Zamani Taghizadeh Rabe Shahin, Mahmoudi Mahmoud
Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2019 Jul;22(7):774-780. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.34792.8249.
species are important medicinal plants throughout the world. Some species are traditionally used for their anti-inflammatory effect. The present study was designed to isolate sesquiterpene fractions from several species and evaluate their anti-inflammatory activities on key mediators and signaling molecules involved in regulation of inflammation.
Sesquiterpene fractions were prepared from several species using the Herz-Högenauer technique. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated J774A.1 macrophages were exposed to isolated fractions. Their possible cytotoxic effect was examined using MTT assay. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) release was measured using Griess method and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, protein expression of pro-inflammatory enzymes, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were investigated using Western blot analysis.
Nitric oxide level produced by LPS-primed macrophages was significantly decreased with all prepared fractions in a dose-dependent manner. Saturated sesquiterpene lactones-rich species ( ) showed the highest suppressive activity on NO and PGE2 production via suppression of iNOS and COX-2 expression. Fractions bearing unusual ( and ) and unsaturated sesquiterpene lactones ( ) possess less modulatory effect on PGE2 production and COX-2 expression.
It can be concluded that some of the medicinally beneficial effects attributed to plants may be associated with the inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. However, these effects could be dependent on the type of their sesquiterpene content. These findings also introduce new species cultivated in Iran as a useful anti-inflammatory agents.
[该植物名]物种是全球重要的药用植物。一些物种传统上因其抗炎作用而被使用。本研究旨在从几种[该植物名]物种中分离倍半萜组分，并评估它们对参与炎症调节的关键介质和信号分子的抗炎活性。
使用Herz-Högenauer技术从几种[该植物名]物种中制备倍半萜组分。将脂多糖（LPS）刺激的J774A.1巨噬细胞暴露于分离出的组分中。使用MTT法检测其可能的细胞毒性作用。此外，使用Griess法测量一氧化氮（NO）释放，并通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测定前列腺素E2（PGE2）水平。此外，使用蛋白质印迹分析研究促炎酶、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和环氧化酶-2（COX-2）的蛋白质表达。
LPS预处理的巨噬细胞产生的一氧化氮水平随所有制备的组分呈剂量依赖性显著降低。富含饱和倍半萜内酯的物种（[具体物种名]）通过抑制iNOS和COX-2表达对NO和PGE2产生表现出最高的抑制活性。含有不寻常（[具体结构或基团]）和不饱和倍半萜内酯（[具体结构或基团]）的组分对PGE2产生和COX-2表达的调节作用较小。
可以得出结论，归因于[该植物名]植物的一些药用有益作用可能与促炎信号通路的抑制有关。然而，这些作用可能取决于其倍半萜含量的类型。这些发现还将伊朗种植的新[该植物名]物种引入为有用的抗炎剂。
