Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 West Johnson St., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd., Madison, Wisconsin, 53719, USA.
Transl Psychiatry. 2020 May 6;10(1):133. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-0816-8.
Neuroimaging studies over the last two decades have begun to specify the neurobiological correlates of psychopathy, a personality disorder that is strongly related to criminal offending and recidivism. Despite the accumulation of neuroimaging studies of psychopathy, a clear and comprehensive picture of the disorder's neural correlates has yet to emerge. The current study is a meta-analysis of functional MRI studies of psychopathy. Multilevel kernel density analysis was used to identify consistent findings across 25 studies (460 foci) of task-related brain activity. Psychopathy was associated with increased task-related activity predominantly in midline cortical regions overlapping with the default mode network (dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and precuneus) as well as medial temporal lobe (including amygdala). Psychopathy was related to decreased task-related activity in a region of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex overlapping with the salience network. These findings challenge predominant theories of amygdala hypoactivity and highlight the potential role of hyperactivity in medial default mode network regions and hypoactivity in a key node of the salience network during task performance in psychopathy.
在过去的二十年中，神经影像学研究开始确定精神变态的神经生物学相关性，精神变态是一种与犯罪和累犯密切相关的人格障碍。尽管对精神变态的神经影像学研究不断积累，但这种疾病的神经相关性仍然没有一个清晰而全面的图景。本研究是对精神变态的功能磁共振成像研究的荟萃分析。多层次核密度分析用于识别 25 项与任务相关的脑活动研究（460 个焦点）中的一致发现。精神变态与中线上皮质区域的任务相关活动增加有关，这些区域与默认模式网络（背内侧前额叶皮层、后扣带和楔前叶）以及内侧颞叶（包括杏仁核）重叠。精神变态与背侧前扣带皮层的一个与突显网络重叠的区域的任务相关活动减少有关。这些发现挑战了杏仁核活动减退的主要理论，并强调了在精神变态的任务表现中，内侧默认模式网络区域的过度活跃和突显网络中的一个关键节点的活动减退的潜在作用。
