Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1224, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1224, Paris, France.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2020 Jun;64:50-55. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.03.009. Epub 2020 May 6.
The mesenchymal microenvironment is increasingly recognized as a major player in immunity. Here we focus on mesenchymal cells located within or in proximity to the blood vessels wall, which include pericytes, adventitial fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells. We discuss recent evidence that these cells play a role in tissue homeostasis, immunity and inflammatory pathologies by multiple mechanisms, including vascular modulation, leucocyte migration, activation or survival in the perivascular space and differentiation into specialized 'effector' mesenchymal cells essential for tissue repair and immunity, such as myofibroblasts and lymphoid stromal cells. When dysregulated, these responses contribute to inflammatory and fibrotic diseases.
间质微环境越来越被认为是免疫的主要参与者。在这里，我们关注位于血管壁内或附近的间质细胞，包括周细胞、外膜成纤维细胞和间充质基质细胞。我们讨论了最近的证据，表明这些细胞通过多种机制在组织稳态、免疫和炎症病理中发挥作用，包括血管调节、白细胞在血管周围空间的迁移、激活或存活以及分化为专门的“效应”间质细胞，这些细胞对于组织修复和免疫至关重要，如肌成纤维细胞和淋巴基质细胞。当这些反应失调时，会导致炎症和纤维化疾病。
