撒哈拉以南非洲城市成年女性饮食模式和超重与肥胖的跨国比较。

Cross-country comparison of dietary patterns and overweight and obesity among adult women in urban Sub-Saharan Africa.

机构信息

Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.

出版信息

Public Health Nutr. 2021 Apr;24(6):1393-1403. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019005202. Epub 2020 May 11.

DOI:10.1017/S1368980019005202

PMID:32390577

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10195588/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To derive dietary patterns (DP) among women of reproductive age (WRA) and older women in urban Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and to examine their association with body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity.

DESIGN

We used principal component analysis to derive DP. Their association with BMI, overweight and obesity was assessed using linear and multinomial logistic regression models controlling for age, marital status, education and wealth.

SETTING

Cross-sectional data from prospective studies in Accra, Ghana (2008-2009), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (2014) and Lilongwe and Kasungu, Malawi (2017-2018) were used.

PARTICIPANTS

We compared WRA in Ghana (18-54 years, n 1762) and Malawi (19-48 years, n 137), and older women in Ghana (≥55 years, n 514) and Tanzania (≥50 years, n 134).

RESULTS

Among WRA, protein and healthy DP were identified in both Ghana and Malawi. In Ghana, the protein DP was associated with higher odds of overweight or obesity (adjusted OR 1·82, 95 % CI 1·27, 2·60 for quintile 2). Among older women, three DP were identified in Ghana (cereal, protein and healthy) and two DP in Tanzania (protein and healthy). The protein DP was associated with higher BMI in Ghana (adjusted mean difference 2·83, 95 % CI 0·95, 4·71 for quartile 3).

CONCLUSIONS

Higher quintiles of the protein DP were associated with higher BMI and odds of overweight or obesity among women in urban Ghana, but not in Malawi or Tanzania. Further research is needed to understand how DP influence overweight and obesity among adult women in urban SSA.

摘要

目的

在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）城市地区的育龄妇女（WRA）和老年妇女中得出饮食模式（DP），并研究其与体重指数（BMI）、超重和肥胖的关系。

设计

我们使用主成分分析得出 DP。使用线性和多项逻辑回归模型评估其与 BMI、超重和肥胖的关系，同时控制年龄、婚姻状况、教育和财富。

地点

使用加纳阿克拉（2008-2009 年）、坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆（2014 年）和马拉维利隆圭和卡松古（2017-2018 年）前瞻性研究的横断面数据。

参与者

我们比较了加纳的 WRA（18-54 岁，n=1762）和马拉维的 WRA（19-48 岁，n=137），以及加纳的老年妇女（≥55 岁，n=514）和坦桑尼亚的老年妇女（≥50 岁，n=134）。

结果

在 WRA 中，加纳和马拉维均发现了蛋白质和健康 DP。在加纳，蛋白质 DP 与超重或肥胖的几率较高相关（五分位 2 的调整比值比 1·82，95 % CI 1·27，2·60）。在老年妇女中，加纳发现了三种 DP（谷物、蛋白质和健康），坦桑尼亚发现了两种 DP（蛋白质和健康）。蛋白质 DP 与加纳的 BMI 较高相关（四分位 3 的调整平均差异 2·83，95 % CI 0·95，4·71）。