Williams Shanna Elizabeth, Cook Laura, Goff Tyler, Kashif Reema, Nelson Rachel, Janse Melissa
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Greenville Health System, Greenville, SC, USA.
J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2020 Jan-Mar;13(1):73-77. doi: 10.4103/JETS.JETS_65_18. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
This study aimed to characterize bodily injury patterns associated with helmet usage by comparing trauma sustained by helmeted and helmetless cyclists admitted to a large US health-care system.
A prospective trauma registry associated with a large regional United States health-care network was queried for bicycle injuries resulting in hospital admission over a 5-year period. Data pertaining to helmet usage, demographics, injury description (s), Abbreviated Injury Scale score, Injury Severity Score, and hospital length of stay were collected from 140 patients treated for bicycle-related injuries. Mann-Whitney tests were performed.
Fifty-six of the injured cyclists were helmeted (40%) and 84 were not helmeted (60%). A significantly greater proportion of helmeted cyclists exhibited abrasions and a higher incidence of injury across all injury types ( = <0.001 and 0.003). The number and severity of injury to the external body ( = <0.001 and 0.001) and overall injury severity ( = 0.004) for patients with multiple injuries were also significantly greater among helmeted cyclists. Helmeted cyclists did demonstrate significantly shorter hospital stays ( = 0.021).
While the helmeted and helmetless riders admitted to the emergency department exhibit few differences in injury patterns, when significant injury differences were detected, they were more prevalent in helmeted riders. These differences were represented by minor-to-moderate injuries relative to morbidity and mortality, suggesting that the trauma profile of the helmeted and helmetless riders is relatively comparable. Yet, helmetless wearers did have significantly longer hospital stays, which may indicate underlying health disparities and/or behavioral differences.
本研究旨在通过比较美国一家大型医疗保健系统收治的戴头盔和未戴头盔的骑自行车者所遭受的创伤，来描述与头盔使用相关的身体损伤模式。
查询了与美国一个大型地区医疗保健网络相关的前瞻性创伤登记处，以获取5年内因自行车事故受伤而住院的病例。收集了140例因自行车相关损伤接受治疗的患者的头盔使用情况、人口统计学数据、损伤描述、简明损伤定级评分、损伤严重程度评分和住院时间。进行了曼-惠特尼检验。
56名受伤的骑自行车者戴了头盔（40%），84名未戴头盔（60%）。戴头盔的骑自行车者出现擦伤的比例显著更高，并且在所有损伤类型中损伤发生率也更高（P<0.001和0.003）。对于多处受伤的患者，戴头盔的骑自行车者身体外部的损伤数量和严重程度（P<0.001和0.001）以及总体损伤严重程度（P = 0.004）也显著更高。戴头盔的骑自行车者的住院时间确实显著更短（P = 0.021）。
虽然急诊科收治的戴头盔和未戴头盔的骑行者在损伤模式上差异不大，但当检测到显著的损伤差异时，这些差异在戴头盔的骑行者中更为普遍。这些差异表现为相对于发病率和死亡率的轻度至中度损伤，这表明戴头盔和未戴头盔的骑行者的创伤情况相对可比。然而，未戴头盔者的住院时间确实显著更长，这可能表明存在潜在的健康差异和/或行为差异。
