School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
Am J Prev Med. 2013 Feb;44(2):e9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.014.
Physical inactivity plays a role in the acquisition of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and breast and colon cancer. The impact of such noncommunicable diseases on low- and middle-income countries is a major global health concern, but most studies in this area have focused on high-income countries. A better understanding of the factors that may influence physical activity in low- and middle-income countries is needed.
This study describes the prevalence of cycling and walking for transportation and their association with personal and environmental factors in adults from three state capitals in Brazil.
In 2007-2009, a random-digit-dialing telephone survey was conducted with residents (aged ≥18 years) of Curitiba, Vitoria, and Recife, sampled through a clustered multistage sampling process. Walking and cycling for transportation, perception of the environment related to physical activity, and demographic and health characteristics were collected. Poisson regression was used to examine associations between cycling and walking for transportation with covariates stratified by cities. All analyses were conducted in 2011.
The prevalence of bicycling for transportation was 13.4%; higher in Recife (16.0%; 95% CI=13.7, 18.4) compared to Curitiba (9.6%; 95% CI=7.8, 11.4) and Vitoria (8.8%; 95% CI=7.34, 10.1); and 26.6% for walking regularly as a mode of transportation. The adjusted analysis showed that cycling is positively associated with being male (prevalence OR [pOR]=3.4; 95% CI=2.6, 18.4) and younger (pOR=2.9; 95% CI=1.8, 4.9) and inversely associated with having a college degree (pOR=0.3; 95% CI=0.2, 0.4). Walking for transportation is inversely associated with having a college degree (pOR=0.6; 95% CI=0.5, 0.8). No strong evidence of association was found of environmental indicators with walking or bicycling.
The prevalence of active commuting was low and varied by city. Personal factors were more consistently associated with bicycling than with walking, whereas perceived environmental features were not related to active commuting.
身体活动不足是导致心脏病、2 型糖尿病、乳腺癌和结肠癌的原因之一。这些非传染性疾病对中低收入国家的影响是一个主要的全球健康关注点，但该领域的大多数研究都集中在高收入国家。因此，我们需要更好地了解可能影响中低收入国家身体活动的因素。
本研究旨在描述巴西三个州府城市成年人的交通骑行和步行的流行率及其与个人和环境因素的相关性。
2007-2009 年，采用随机数字拨号电话调查的方法，对库里蒂巴、维多利亚和累西腓的成年居民（年龄≥18 岁）进行调查，采用聚类多阶段抽样的方法进行抽样。收集交通方式（步行和骑行）、与身体活动相关的环境感知以及人口统计学和健康特征等信息。采用泊松回归分析方法，根据城市进行分层，对交通骑行和步行与协变量之间的相关性进行了检验。所有分析均于 2011 年进行。
交通骑行的流行率为 13.4%；累西腓（16.0%；95%置信区间=13.7，18.4）高于库里蒂巴（9.6%；95%置信区间=7.8，11.4）和维多利亚（8.8%；95%置信区间=7.34，10.1）；经常步行的比例为 26.6%。调整分析显示，交通骑行与男性（流行率比[POR]=3.4；95%置信区间=2.6，18.4）和年轻（POR=2.9；95%置信区间=1.8，4.9）呈正相关，与大学学历（POR=0.3；95%置信区间=0.2，0.4）呈负相关。交通步行与大学学历呈负相关（POR=0.6；95%置信区间=0.5，0.8）。环境指标与步行或骑行之间没有明显的关联。
活跃通勤的流行率较低，且因城市而异。个人因素与骑行的相关性比步行更一致，而感知到的环境特征与活跃通勤无关。
