College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University/Oregon Health & Science University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
College of Science, Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 May 8;12(5):1349. doi: 10.3390/nu12051349.
Coffee contains bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory properties, and its consumption may reduce c-reactive protein (CRP) levels, a biomarker of chronic inflammation. A previous meta-analysis reported no overall association between blood CRP level and coffee consumption by modeling the coffee consumption in categories, with substantial heterogeneity. However, the coffee cup volume was not considered. We conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis investigating the association between coffee consumption and CRP levels reported in previous observational studies. A dose-response meta-analysis was conducted by mixed-effects meta-regression models using the volume of coffee consumed as metric. Eleven studies from three continents were identified using the PubMed database, totaling 61,047 participants. Three studies with the largest sample sizes observed a statistically significant association between coffee and CRP levels, which was inverse among European and United States (US) women and Japanese men (1.3%-5.5% decrease in CRP per 100 mL of coffee consumed) and positive among European men (2.2% increase). Other studies showed no statistically significant associations. When all studies were combined in the dose-response meta-analysis, no statistically significant associations were observed among all participants or when stratified by gender or geographic location, reflecting the conflicting associations reported in the included studies. Further studies are warranted to explore these inconsistent associations.
咖啡含有具有抗炎特性的生物活性化合物，其摄入可能降低 C 反应蛋白（CRP）水平，后者是慢性炎症的生物标志物。先前的荟萃分析报告称，在对不同类别咖啡摄入量建模时，血液 CRP 水平与咖啡摄入量之间没有总体关联，而且存在很大的异质性。但是，没有考虑到咖啡杯的容量。我们进行了一项系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析，以调查先前观察性研究中咖啡摄入量与 CRP 水平之间的关联。使用所消耗的咖啡量作为度量标准，通过混合效应荟萃回归模型进行了剂量反应荟萃分析。使用 PubMed 数据库确定了来自三大洲的 11 项研究，共有 61,047 名参与者。三项样本量最大的研究观察到咖啡与 CRP 水平之间存在统计学上的显著关联，在欧洲和美国（US）女性以及日本男性中呈负相关（每 100 毫升咖啡摄入降低 CRP 水平 1.3%-5.5%），在欧洲男性中呈正相关（增加 2.2%）。其他研究则没有显示出统计学上显著的关联。当将所有研究合并到剂量反应荟萃分析中时，在所有参与者中或按性别或地理位置分层时，均未观察到统计学显著关联，这反映了纳入研究报告的不一致关联。需要进一步的研究来探索这些不一致的关联。
