South African Field Epidemiology Training Programme, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
BMC Public Health. 2020 May 12;20(1):668. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08835-x.
Data on the burden of mumps in South Africa are limited and the epidemiology of mumps in this setting is not well understood. We present an analysis of mumps data in South Africa from 2012 to 2017.
This cross-sectional study included secondary data on laboratory-confirmed mumps infections from 2012 to 2017, archived at the South African National Health Laboratory Services' data repository as well as from four private laboratories. Mumps-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and/or viral nucleic acid positive results represented acute infections. We used age-specific mid-year population estimates for each study year as denominators when calculating annual cumulative incidence. Seasonality was based on the season that showed a peak in infections.
Out of 48,580 records obtained from the public and private sectors, 46,713 (96.2%) were from the private sector. Over the study period, there were 7494 acute infections, 7085 (94.5%) of which were recorded in the private sector. Of these 7494 infections, 3924 (52.4%) occurred in males. The proportion of samples tested that were IgM positive was 18.6% (1058/5682) in 2012, 15% (1016/6790) in 2013, 15.8% (1280/8093) in 2014, 15.5% (1384/8944) in 2015, 13.1% (1260/9629) in 2016 and 15.8% (1496/9442) in 2017. The cumulative incidence rate per 100,000 was highest in children between one and 9 years throughout the study period. The cumulative incidence of infections was highest in the Western Cape, Gauteng and the Northern Cape. Infections peaked in June and November.
Laboratory-confirmed mumps infections predominantly occurred in spring, affecting children below 10 years of age and individuals who were male. There were fewer tests performed in the public sector compared to the private sector. Since only laboratory data was analysed our results represent and underestimate of disease burden. Further studies that include clinical data are required to provide better estimates of disease burden in South Africa.
南非的腮腺炎负担数据有限，并且这种疾病在当地的流行病学情况尚未被充分了解。我们对 2012 年至 2017 年期间南非的腮腺炎数据进行了分析。
本研究采用回顾性队列研究设计，分析了 2012 年至 2017 年期间南非国家卫生实验室服务数据存储库中以及四家私人实验室保存的实验室确诊腮腺炎感染的二级数据。腮腺炎特异性免疫球蛋白 M（IgM）和/或病毒核酸阳性结果代表急性感染。我们将每年的中值人口估计数作为分母，计算每年的累积发病率。根据感染高峰出现的季节确定季节性。
从公共和私人部门共获得 48580 条记录，其中 46713 条（96.2%）来自私人部门。研究期间共发生 7494 例急性感染，其中 7085 例（94.5%）记录在私人部门。在这 7494 例感染中，3924 例（52.4%）发生在男性。2012 年 IgM 阳性样本检测比例为 18.6%（1058/5682），2013 年为 15%（1016/6790），2014 年为 15.8%（1280/8093），2015 年为 15.5%（1384/8944），2016 年为 13.1%（1260/9629），2017 年为 15.8%（1496/9442）。整个研究期间，每 10 万人中发病率最高的为 1 至 9 岁的儿童。西开普省、豪登省和北开普省的感染累积发病率最高。感染高峰出现在 6 月和 11 月。
实验室确诊的腮腺炎感染主要发生在春季，影响 10 岁以下儿童和男性。与私人部门相比，公共部门进行的检测较少。由于我们仅分析了实验室数据，因此我们的结果代表了对疾病负担的低估。需要进一步的包括临床数据的研究来更好地估计南非的疾病负担。
