Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Chem Rev. 2020 Oct 14;120(19):10547-10607. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00789. Epub 2020 May 14.
Bioprinting techniques have been flourishing in the field of biofabrication with pronounced and exponential developments in the past years. Novel biomaterial inks used for the formation of bioinks have been developed, allowing the manufacturing of models and implants tested preclinically with a certain degree of success. Furthermore, incredible advances in cell biology, namely, in pluripotent stem cells, have also contributed to the latest milestones where more relevant tissues or organ-like constructs with a certain degree of functionality can already be obtained. These incredible strides have been possible with a multitude of multidisciplinary teams around the world, working to make bioprinted tissues and organs more relevant and functional. Yet, there is still a long way to go until these biofabricated constructs will be able to reach the clinics. In this review, we summarize the main bioprinting activities linking them to tissue and organ development and physiology. Most bioprinting approaches focus on mimicking fully matured tissues. Future bioprinting strategies might pursue earlier developmental stages of tissues and organs. The continuous convergence of the experts in the fields of material sciences, cell biology, engineering, and many other disciplines will gradually allow us to overcome the barriers identified on the demanding path toward manufacturing and adoption of tissue and organ replacements.
生物打印技术在生物制造领域蓬勃发展,近年来取得了显著的指数级发展。新型生物材料墨水已被开发用于生物墨水的形成,允许制造模型和植入物,并在临床前进行了一定程度的成功测试。此外,细胞生物学的令人难以置信的进步,特别是多能干细胞,也促成了最新的里程碑,已经可以获得具有一定功能的更相关的组织或类器官结构。这些令人难以置信的进展是由世界各地的多学科团队共同努力实现的,旨在使生物打印组织和器官更相关和更有功能。然而,要使这些生物制造的结构能够进入临床,还有很长的路要走。在这篇综述中,我们总结了主要的生物打印活动,并将其与组织和器官的发育和生理学联系起来。大多数生物打印方法侧重于模拟完全成熟的组织。未来的生物打印策略可能会追求组织和器官的早期发育阶段。材料科学、细胞生物学、工程学等多个领域的专家不断融合,将逐渐使我们能够克服在制造和采用组织和器官替代物的艰难道路上所确定的障碍。