School of Education and Social Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
Stress Health. 2020 Dec;36(5):563-585. doi: 10.1002/smi.2956. Epub 2020 Jul 4.
There has been a growing interest in the negative influence that the environment of higher education institutions has on the mental health of academics. The current climate of global education-competition places extreme expectations on academics. A number of factors influence academics' mental health, such as teaching, supervising, generating research income, among others, and there is evidence to suggest that the university environment is jeopardising academics' physical and psychological health. This study sought to review the international literature with a view to ascertaining what the most commonly used measures are to investigate this topic, including the main stressors and coping strategies reported/used by academics and their lived experiences. A thorough review of the literature was conducted, and 28 studies were identified and critically analysed. The review concludes that there is compelling evidence that the university environment is triggering high levels of stress and burnout and low levels of well-being for academics. There is extremely limited research on the perceptions and lived experiences of academic staff. It is virtually unknown, what coping strategies academics use to face job demands, and our knowledge about burnout seems to be limited by the use of one particular measure without cultural adaptations. Practical implications and directions for future research are proposed.
人们越来越关注高校环境对高校教师心理健康的负面影响。当前的全球教育竞争环境对高校教师寄予了极高的期望。许多因素影响着高校教师的心理健康，例如教学、指导、科研收入等，有证据表明，高校环境正在危及高校教师的身心健康。本研究旨在综述国际文献，以确定目前用于调查这一主题的常用方法，包括学者们报告/使用的主要压力源和应对策略，以及他们的生活经历。对文献进行了全面回顾，确定并批判性分析了 28 项研究。综述的结论是，有强有力的证据表明，高校环境正在引发高校教师的高度压力和倦怠，以及幸福感的降低。关于高校教师的看法和生活经历的研究极其有限。几乎没有人知道，高校教师在面对工作需求时使用了哪些应对策略，而我们对倦怠的了解似乎因使用一种特定的未经文化调整的测量方法而受到限制。本研究提出了一些实际意义和未来研究的方向。
