Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, CNRS-Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7283, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Institut de Microbiologie, Bioénergies et Biotechnologies, Marseille, France.
Stress Adaptation and Metabolism Unit, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; ERL CNRS 6002, CNRS, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Adv Microb Physiol. 2020;76:1-39. doi: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2020.01.001. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
Iron sulfur (Fe-S) clusters rank among the most ancient and conserved prosthetic groups. Fe-S clusters containing proteins are present in most, if not all, organisms. Fe-S clusters containing proteins are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, from gene regulation to central metabolism, via gene expression, RNA modification or bioenergetics. Fe-S clusters are built by biogenesis machineries conserved throughout both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. We focus mostly on bacterial ISC machinery, but not exclusively, as we refer to eukaryotic ISC system when it brings significant complementary information. Besides covering the structural and regulatory aspects of Fe-S biogenesis, this review aims to highlight Fe-S biogenesis facets remaining matters of discussion, such as the role of frataxin, or the link between fatty acid metabolism and Fe-S homeostasis. Last, we discuss recent advances on strategies used by different species to make and use Fe-S clusters in changing redox environmental conditions.
铁硫（Fe-S）簇是最古老和最保守的辅因子之一。含有蛋白质的 Fe-S 簇存在于大多数（如果不是全部）生物体中。含有蛋白质的 Fe-S 簇参与广泛的细胞过程，从基因表达、RNA 修饰或生物能量学到基因调控和中心代谢。Fe-S 簇是由在原核生物和真核生物中都保守的生物发生机制构建的。我们主要关注细菌 ISC 机制，但也不仅限于此，因为当涉及到真核 ISC 系统时，我们会提供重要的补充信息。除了涵盖 Fe-S 生物发生的结构和调节方面，本综述旨在强调 Fe-S 生物发生方面仍存在讨论的问题，例如 frataxin 的作用，或脂肪酸代谢与 Fe-S 动态平衡之间的联系。最后，我们讨论了不同物种在变化的氧化还原环境条件下制造和使用 Fe-S 簇的策略的最新进展。
