Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2020 Dec;98(8):755-762. doi: 10.1111/aos.14465. Epub 2020 May 15.
Asteroid hyalosis is defined by the presence of white, snowball-like non-crystalline vitreous opacities that move with the vitreous and appear to be anchored to its matrix. Asteroid hyalosis commonly occurs in the absence of other identifiable ocular abnormalities and is usually an incidental finding. The vitreous opacities are usually invisible to the patient and asymptomatic, but asteroid hyalosis can be a significant obstacle to the examination of the fundus. The prevalence increases dramatically with age. The aetiology is unknown. We systematically reviewed the literature for epidemiological data, qualitatively reviewed available studies, conducted meta-analyses with demographical stratifications, evaluated temporal changes and estimated the future prevalence using forecasting analysis. Nine eligible studies were identified with data on 104 569 individuals. The overall population prevalence of asteroid hyalosis was 0.75% (95% confidence interval: 0.39-1.21%); however, the prevalence was highly age-dependent, ranging from 0.27% (95% confidence interval 0.12-0.49%) in individuals aged 0-39 years and gradually increasing to 3.07% (95% confidence interval 1.90-4.50%) in individuals aged ≥80 years. Male gender was an additional risk factor (odds ratio 1.80, 95% confidence interval 1.32-2.45, p = 0.00017). The estimated global prevalence was 10.7 million subjects in year 1950, which is expected to increase to 41.5 million in year 2020 and 91.2 million in year 2100. The prevalence of asteroid hyalosis is relevant because it impacts the utility of diagnostic strategies, especially screening methods for conditions such as diabetic retinopathy.
眼球淀粉样变性症的定义为存在白色、雪球状的非结晶玻璃体混浊，这些混浊随玻璃体移动，并似乎与玻璃体基质相连。眼球淀粉样变性症通常在没有其他可识别的眼部异常的情况下发生，通常是偶然发现的。玻璃体混浊通常对患者不可见且无症状，但眼球淀粉样变性症可能是眼底检查的重大障碍。其患病率随年龄的增长而急剧增加。病因不明。我们系统地回顾了文献中的流行病学数据，对现有研究进行了定性综述，进行了人口统计学分层的荟萃分析，评估了时间变化，并使用预测分析估计了未来的患病率。确定了 9 项符合条件的研究，这些研究共纳入了 104569 名个体的数据。眼球淀粉样变性症的总体人群患病率为 0.75%（95%置信区间：0.39-1.21%）；然而，患病率与年龄高度相关，从 0-39 岁人群的 0.27%（95%置信区间 0.12-0.49%）逐渐增加到≥80 岁人群的 3.07%（95%置信区间 1.90-4.50%）。男性是另一个危险因素（优势比 1.80，95%置信区间 1.32-2.45，p=0.00017）。估计 1950 年全球患病率为 1070 万例，预计 2020 年将增加到 4150 万例，2100 年将增加到 9120 万例。眼球淀粉样变性症的患病率很重要，因为它会影响诊断策略的实用性，特别是糖尿病视网膜病变等疾病的筛查方法。
