Bitew Adane, Tsige Estifanos
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Arsho Advanced Medical Laboratory, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
J Trop Med. 2020 Apr 30;2020:6167234. doi: 10.1155/2020/6167234. eCollection 2020.
Multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae particularly extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers have become a major public health threat. Despite efforts to limit their spread, rates of multidrug-resistance members of the Enterobacteriaceae continue to increase throughout the world causing increased morbidity and mortality and raised costs for medical care.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum -lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.
Four hundred forty Enterobacteriaceae isolates from outpatients referred to Arsho Advanced Medical Laboratory were identified and assessed for their antimicrobial resistance pattern by using the automated VITEK 2 compact system. Extended-spectrum -lactamase production was determined by the VITEK 2 automated compact system using the extended-spectrum -lactamase test panel as per the instruction of the manufacturer.
The overall resistance rates of Enterobacteriaceae against cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones were high. Nitrofurantoin with a resistance rate of 14.3% and piperacillin/tazobactam combination with a resistance rate of 17.3% were better active against this group of Gram-negative bacteria. Out of 440 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, 42.1% were multidrug-resistant of which 34.3% and 8.95% were extensively drug-resistant and pan-drug resistant, respectively. Among 185 multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, 63.9% of the isolates produced extended-spectrum -lactamase of which 75.4%, 19.5%, 1.7%, 2.5%, and 0.8% were , , . , . , and . , respectively.
The present study demonstrated high prevalence rates of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. In order to combat these problems, infection control strategy and proper antibiotic policies should be formulated.
多重耐药肠杆菌科细菌，尤其是产超广谱β-内酰胺酶的细菌，已成为主要的公共卫生威胁。尽管人们努力限制其传播，但肠杆菌科多重耐药菌的比例在全球范围内仍持续上升，导致发病率和死亡率增加，医疗费用上升。
本研究旨在确定多重耐药和产超广谱β-内酰胺酶肠杆菌科细菌的流行情况。
从转诊至阿尔绍高级医学实验室的门诊患者中分离出440株肠杆菌科细菌，使用VITEK 2全自动紧凑型系统鉴定并评估其抗菌药物耐药模式。按照制造商的说明，使用VITEK 2全自动紧凑型系统的超广谱β-内酰胺酶检测板测定超广谱β-内酰胺酶的产生情况。
肠杆菌科细菌对头孢菌素、氨基糖苷类和氟喹诺酮类药物的总体耐药率较高。呋喃妥因的耐药率为14.3%，哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的耐药率为17.3%，对这组革兰氏阴性菌的活性较好。在440株肠杆菌科细菌分离株中，42.1%为多重耐药菌，其中分别有34.3%和8.95%为广泛耐药菌和全耐药菌。在185株多重耐药肠杆菌科细菌中，63.9%的分离株产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶，其中分别有75.4%、19.5%、1.7%、2.5%和0.8%为[此处原文可能有缺失，未完整列出具体类型]。
本研究表明多重耐药和产超广谱β-内酰胺酶肠杆菌科细菌的流行率较高。为应对这些问题，应制定感染控制策略和适当的抗生素政策。
