The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal.
J Exp Med. 2020 Jul 6;217(7). doi: 10.1084/jem.20200004.
CMV is associated with immunosenescence and reduced vaccine responses in the elderly (>70 yr). However, the impact of CMV in young adults is less clear. In this study, healthy UK and Senegalese adults aged 18-50 yr (average, 29 yr) were vaccinated with the Ebola vaccine candidate chimpanzee adenovirus type 3-vectored Ebola Zaire vaccine (ChAd3-EBO-Z) and boosted with modified vaccinia Ankara Ebola Zaire-vectored (MVA-EBO-Z) vaccine. CMV carriage was associated with an expansion of phenotypically senescent CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing CD57 and killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1), which was negatively associated with vaccine responses in both cohorts. Ebola-specific T cell responses induced by vaccination also contained significantly increased frequencies of terminally differentiated CD57+KLRG1+ cells in CMV seropositive (CMV+) individuals. This study suggests that CMV can also affect vaccine responses in younger adults and may have a particularly marked impact in many developing countries where CMV seroprevalence is almost universal.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）与老年人（>70 岁）的免疫衰老和疫苗反应降低有关。然而，CMV 在年轻成年人中的影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中，来自英国和塞内加尔的健康成年人（年龄 18-50 岁，平均 29 岁）接种了黑猩猩腺病毒 3 型载体埃博拉疫苗（ChAd3-EBO-Z），并使用改良安卡拉痘苗病毒埃博拉扎伊尔型载体（MVA-EBO-Z）进行了加强免疫。CMV 携带与表型衰老的 CD4+和 CD8+T 细胞的扩增有关，这些细胞表达 CD57 和杀伤细胞凝集素样受体 G1（KLRG1），这与两个队列的疫苗反应呈负相关。接种疫苗诱导的埃博拉特异性 T 细胞反应在 CMV 阳性（CMV+）个体中也含有明显增加的终末分化 CD57+KLRG1+细胞频率。这项研究表明，CMV 也会影响年轻成年人的疫苗反应，并且在 CMV 血清阳性率几乎普遍存在的许多发展中国家可能具有特别显著的影响。
