Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA.
School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Viruses. 2024 Feb 27;16(3):368. doi: 10.3390/v16030368.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to pose a significant global health challenge, with millions of people affected and new cases emerging each year. While various treatment and prevention methods exist, including antiretroviral therapy and non-vaccine approaches, developing an effective vaccine remains the most crucial and cost-effective solution to combating the HIV epidemic. Despite significant advancements in HIV research, the HIV vaccine field has faced numerous challenges, and only one clinical trial has demonstrated a modest level of efficacy. This review delves into the history of HIV vaccines and the current efforts in HIV prevention, emphasizing pre-clinical vaccine development using the non-human primate model (NHP) of HIV infection. NHP models offer valuable insights into potential preventive strategies for combating HIV, and they play a vital role in informing and guiding the development of novel vaccine candidates before they can proceed to human clinical trials.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）仍然是一个重大的全球健康挑战，每年都有数百万人受到感染，新的病例不断出现。尽管存在各种治疗和预防方法，包括抗逆转录病毒疗法和非疫苗方法，但开发有效的疫苗仍然是对抗 HIV 流行最关键和最具成本效益的解决方案。尽管 HIV 研究取得了重大进展，但 HIV 疫苗领域仍面临诸多挑战，只有一项临床试验显示出适度的疗效。这篇综述深入探讨了 HIV 疫苗的历史和当前的 HIV 预防工作，强调了使用 HIV 感染的非人类灵长类动物（NHP）模型进行临床前疫苗开发。NHP 模型为对抗 HIV 的潜在预防策略提供了有价值的见解，并且在新型疫苗候选物进入人体临床试验之前，它们在为其提供信息和指导方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
